Florfenicol, wani sinadari mai suna monofluorinated daga thiamphenicol, wani sabon maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ne mai faɗi na chloramphenicol don amfanin dabbobi, wanda aka haɓaka cikin nasara a ƙarshen shekarun 1980.
Idan ana yawan samun cututtuka, gonakin alade da yawa suna amfani da florfenicol akai-akai don hana ko magance cututtukan alade. Ko da wane irin cuta ne, ko wane rukuni ko mataki, wasu manoma suna amfani da babban adadin florfenicol don magance ko hana cututtuka. Florfenicol ba magani bane. Dole ne a yi amfani da shi yadda ya kamata don cimma tasirin da ake so. Ga cikakken bayani game da fahimtar amfani da florfenicol, da fatan zai taimaka wa kowa:
1. Halayen hana ƙwayoyin cuta na florfenicol
(1) Florfenicol magani ne na maganin rigakafi wanda ke da faffadan nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa da na Gram-positive da na negative da kuma mycoplasma. Kwayoyin cuta masu saurin kamuwa da cuta sun haɗa da naman shanu da alade Haemophilus, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Pneumococcus, Influenza bacillus, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Chlamydia, Leptospira, Rickettsia, da sauransu.
(2) Gwaje-gwajen In vitro da in vivo sun nuna cewa aikin maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ya fi na magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta na yanzu kyau, kamar thiamphenicol, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, ampicillin da kuma quinolones da ake amfani da su a yanzu.
(3) Florfenicol mai aiki da sauri zai iya kaiwa ga yawan warkewa a cikin jini awa 1 bayan allurar jijiya, kuma ana iya samun kololuwar yawan maganin cikin awanni 1.5-3; yawan maganin da ke aiki na tsawon lokaci kuma mai inganci za a iya kiyaye shi na tsawon awanni 20 bayan shan magani ɗaya.
(4) Yana iya shiga shingen jini da kwakwalwa, kuma tasirinsa na maganin cutar sankarau ta dabbobi ba zai yi kama da na sauran magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ba.
(5) Ba shi da guba ko illa idan aka yi amfani da shi a cikin adadin da aka ba da shawarar, yana shawo kan haɗarin cutar anemia mai kama da aplastic da sauran guba da thiamphenicol ke haifarwa, kuma ba zai haifar da lahani ga dabbobi da abinci ba. Ana amfani da shi don kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban na jiki waɗanda ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa a cikin dabbobi. Maganin aladu, gami da rigakafi da maganin cututtukan numfashi na ƙwayoyin cuta, meningitis, pleurisy, mastitis, cututtukan hanji da kuma ciwon bayan haihuwa a cikin aladu.
2. Kwayoyin cuta masu saurin kamuwa da cutar flurfenicol da kuma cututtukan aladu da ake so
(1) Cututtukan alade inda aka fi son florfenicol
Ana ba da shawarar wannan samfurin a matsayin maganin da aka fi so don ciwon huhu na alade, cututtukan pleuropneumonia na alade da cutar Haemophilus parasuis, musamman don maganin ƙwayoyin cuta masu jure wa fluoroquinolones da sauran maganin rigakafi.
(2) Ana iya amfani da Florfenicol don magance cututtukan aladu masu zuwa
Ana iya amfani da shi don magance cututtukan numfashi da Streptococcus (pneumonia) da Bordetella bronchiseptica (rhinitis mai tsanani), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (asma ta alade), da sauransu ke haifarwa; salmonellosis (piglet paratyphoid), colibacillosis (asma ta piglet) Cututtukan narkewar abinci kamar enteritis wanda gudawa mai rawaya ke haifarwa, gudawa fari, cutar kumburin alade) da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta masu saurin kamuwa da cuta. Ana iya amfani da Florfenicol don magance waɗannan cututtukan alade, amma ba maganin da ake so ga waɗannan cututtukan alade ba ne, don haka ya kamata a yi amfani da shi da taka tsantsan.
3. Amfani da florfenicol ba daidai ba
(1) Yawan da ake sha ya yi yawa ko kuma ya yi ƙanƙanta. Wasu allurai na abinci iri-iri sun kai 400 mg/kg, kuma allurai sun kai 40-100 mg/kg, ko ma fiye da haka. Wasu ƙananan sun kai 8 ~ 15mg/kg. Manyan allurai suna da guba, kuma ƙananan allurai ba su da tasiri.
(2) Lokacin ya yi tsayi sosai. Wasu magunguna na dogon lokaci ba tare da wani sharaɗi ba.
(3) Amfani da abubuwa da matakai ba daidai ba ne. Shuke-shuke masu juna biyu da aladu masu kitse suna amfani da irin waɗannan magunguna ba tare da la'akari da bambanci ba, suna haifar da guba ko ragowar magunguna, wanda ke haifar da rashin lafiyan samarwa da abinci.
(4) Daidaito mara kyau. Wasu mutane kan yi amfani da florfenicol tare da sulfonamides da cephalosporins. Ko kimiyya ce kuma mai ma'ana, ya cancanci a bincika ko hakan gaskiya ne.
(5) Ba a haɗa abinci da kuma shansa daidai gwargwado ba, wanda hakan ba zai haifar da wani sakamako na magani ko guba ga ƙwayoyi ba.
4. Amfani da magungunan kariya daga flurfenicol
(1) Bai kamata a haɗa wannan samfurin da macrolides (kamar tylosin, erythromycin, roxithromycin, tilmicosin, guitarmycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, da sauransu), lincosamide (Kamar lincomycin, clindamycin) da kuma diterpenoid semi-synthetic antibiotics - haɗin Tiamulin, idan aka haɗa su zai iya haifar da tasirin antagonistic.
(2) Ba za a iya amfani da wannan samfurin tare da β-lactone amines (kamar penicillins, cephalosporins) da fluoroquinolones (kamar enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, da sauransu) ba, saboda wannan samfurin yana hana furotin na ƙwayoyin cuta. Maganin bacteriostatic mai aiki da sauri, na ƙarshen maganin bacteriostatic ne mai aiki da sauri a lokacin haihuwa. A ƙarƙashin aikin na farko, ana hana haɗakar furotin na ƙwayoyin cuta da sauri, ƙwayoyin cuta suna daina girma da ninkawa, kuma tasirin bacteriotic na na ƙarshen yana raguwa. Saboda haka, lokacin da maganin ke buƙatar yin tasirin ƙwaya cikin sauri, ba za a iya amfani da shi tare ba.
(3) Ba za a iya haɗa wannan samfurin da sulfadiazine sodium don allurar jijiya ta ciki ba. Bai kamata a yi amfani da shi tare da magungunan alkaline ba lokacin da aka ba shi ta baki ko ta cikin jijiya, don guje wa ruɓewa da gazawar jiki. Haka kuma bai dace da allurar jijiya da tetracycline hydrochloride, kanamycin, adenosine triphosphate, coenzyme A, da sauransu ba, don guje wa hazo da raguwar inganci.
(4) Lalacewar tsoka da kuma toshewar jijiyoyin jini na iya faruwa bayan allurar jijiya ta cikin jijiya. Saboda haka, ana iya allurar a cikin tsokoki masu zurfi na wuya da duwawu, kuma ba a ba da shawarar a maimaita allurar a wuri ɗaya ba.
(5) Saboda wannan samfurin yana iya haifar da guba ga tayin, ya kamata a yi amfani da shi da taka tsantsan ga shukar masu juna biyu da masu shayarwa.
(6) Idan zafin jikin aladu marasa lafiya ya yi yawa, ana iya amfani da shi tare da magungunan rage zafi da kuma dexamethasone, kuma tasirinsa ya fi kyau.
(7) A cikin rigakafi da maganin cututtukan numfashi na porcine (PRDC), wasu mutane suna ba da shawarar yin amfani da flurfenicol da amoxicillin, florfenicol da tylosin, da florfenicol da tylosin tare. Ya dace, domin daga mahangar magunguna, ba za a iya amfani da su tare ba. Duk da haka, ana iya amfani da florfenicol tare da tetracyclines kamar doxycycline.
(8) Wannan samfurin yana da guba a cikin jini. Duk da cewa ba zai haifar da rashin lafiyar ƙashi mai laushi ba, hana erythropoiesis da zai iya faruwa ta hanyar amfani da shi ya fi yawa fiye da na chloramphenicol (wanda aka nakasa). An hana shi a lokacin allurar rigakafi ko dabbobin da ke da ƙarancin garkuwar jiki.
(9) Amfani da shi na dogon lokaci na iya haifar da matsalolin narkewar abinci da ƙarancin bitamin ko alamun kamuwa da cuta.
(10) Wajen rigakafi da maganin cututtukan aladu, ya kamata a yi taka-tsantsan, kuma a ba da maganin daidai da adadin da aka tsara da kuma hanyar magani, kuma kada a yi amfani da shi don guje wa mummunan sakamako.
(11) Ga dabbobin da ke fama da matsalar koda, ya kamata a rage yawan shan maganin ko kuma a tsawaita lokacin shan maganin.
(12) Idan akwai ƙarancin zafin jiki, an gano cewa saurin narkewar yana da jinkiri; ko kuma ruwan da aka shirya yana da ruwan sama na florfenicol, kuma yana buƙatar a dumama shi kaɗan (ba fiye da 45 ℃ ba) don ya narke da sauri. Maganin da aka shirya ya fi kyau a yi amfani da shi cikin awanni 48.
Lokacin Saƙo: Agusta-09-2022