A cewar rahoton Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya na Maleriya na 2025, adadin masu cutar maleriya a Amurka ya karu da kashi 15.7% tsakanin 2015 da 2024.
Malaria cuta ce da ake yadawa ta jini wadda sauro ke ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta na Plasmodium ke yaɗawa. Duk da ƙoƙarin da ake yi na shawo kan sauro, malaria ta ci gaba da yaɗuwa a sassan Kudancin Amurka, Asiya, da Afirka. A cikin wata takarda a cikin Kimiyya a watan Maris, Jacob Tennison da abokan aikinsa sun binciki kwayoyin halittar yawan jama'a na Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) darlingi, babban mai yaɗuwar cutar malaria a Kudancin Amurka. Masu binciken sun gano cewa Anopheles darlingi yana haɓaka juriya ga magungunan kwari.
Tennessen da abokan aikinsa sun yi jerin kwayoyin halittar sauro 1,094 daga ƙasashe shida (Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, da Venezuela). Sun gano bambancin kwayoyin halitta mai maimaitawa a cikin al'ummomin da ke makwabtaka, musamman a cikin taga mai ƙarfin 150-kb wanda ya ƙunshi kwayoyin halitta shida da ke ɗauke da cytochrome P450. Sauye-sauye a cikin kwayoyin halittar P450 suna da alaƙa da juriya ga magungunan kwari na pyrethroid, kamar yadda aka gani a cikin Anopheles funestus da Anopheles gambiae a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara na Afirka.
Kwarewa da haske mara misaltuwa ta hanyar dandamali guda ɗaya wanda ya haɗa bayanai na musamman, basirar wucin gadi, da ilimin ƙwararru.
Marubutan sun ƙara gano wannan sauye-sauyen da aka zaɓa sosai a matsayin polymorphism a cikin kwayar halittar CYP6AA1, inda allele ɗaya ke ɓoye threonine a matsayi na 283, ɗayan kuma yana ɓoye lysine. Domin gwada ko wannan polymorphism yana ba da juriya ga kwari ga sauro, masu binciken sun kama Anopheles darlingi guda 16 na daji kuma suka yi musu magani da deltamethrin. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa sauro masu ɗauke da threonine-lysine polymorphism sun rayu tsawon lokaci fiye da waɗanda homozygous don threonine ko homozygous don lysine. Don haka, yawan mutanen Anopheles darlingi a halin yanzu suna fuskantar zaɓin maye gurbi waɗanda ke ƙara juriyarsu ga deltamethrin.
A cewar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) "Rahoton Maleriya ta Duniya na 2025," adadin masu cutar maleriya a Amurka ya karu da kashi 15.7% tsakanin 2015 da 2024, inda Venezuela, Brazil, da Colombia suka kai kashi 75% na waɗannan lamuran. Masana cututtuka a GlobalData sun yi hasashen cewa nan da shekarar 2026, Brazil za ta sami mutane sama da 160,000 da aka tabbatar sun kamu da cutar maleriya da kuma sabbin mutane sama da miliyan 1.6 da suka kamu da cutar.
Mabuɗin kawar da cutar maleriya yana cikin sarrafa ƙwayoyin cuta. Sauro na nau'in Anopheles africanus sun sami juriya ga magungunan kashe kwari na pyrethroid, kuma wannan juriyar ta bayyana tana canzawa daban-daban a cikin sauro na nau'in Anopheles dulcis. Yayin da matsin lamba na juyin halitta ke ci gaba da haifar da juriya ga sauro, sarrafa yawan sauro zai ƙara zama ƙalubale, kuma kawar da cutar maleriya zai ƙara zama da wahala. Saboda haka, dole ne a ba da fifiko ga sauran hanyoyin magance cutar da ƙwayoyin cuta.
Kwarewa da haske mara misaltuwa ta hanyar dandamali guda ɗaya wanda ya haɗa bayanai na musamman, basirar wucin gadi, da ilimin ƙwararru.
Da fatan za a sake duba Manufofin Sirrinmu don ƙarin bayani game da ayyukanmu, gami da yadda muke amfani da su, sarrafawa, da kuma raba bayanan sirrinku, haƙƙoƙinku game da bayanan sirrinku, da kuma yadda za ku daina biyan kuɗi daga saƙonnin tallan nan gaba. Ayyukanmu an yi su ne ga masu amfani da kasuwanci, kuma kuna tabbatar da cewa adireshin imel ɗin da kuka bayar shine adireshin imel ɗin kasuwancinku.
Lokacin Saƙo: Mayu-27-2026
