A cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata, tsaftar ƙwari ta ƙasata ta haɓaka cikin sauri.Da farko, saboda gabatarwar sabbin nau'ikan nau'ikan da ci gaba daga kasashen waje, da na biyu, kokarin da suka dace na rak na gida da za a samar.kuma ambaci babban inganci da haɓaka sabbin nau'ikan ci gaban ƙwayoyi.Ko da yake akwai nau'ikan albarkatun kashe kwari da yawa, dangane da magungunan kashe qwari, pyrethroids har yanzu sune manyan waɗanda ake amfani da su a halin yanzu.Domin kwari sun sami digiri daban-daban na juriya ga pyrethroids a wasu yankuna, kuma akwai juriya, wanda ke shafar amfani da shi.Koyaya, saboda yana da fa'idodi da yawa na musamman kamar ƙarancin guba da inganci mai ƙarfi, yana da wahala a maye gurbinsu da wasu nau'ikan a cikin ɗan lokaci kaɗan.Yawancin nau'ikan da ake amfani da su sune tetramethrin, Es-bio-alethrin, d-alethrin, methothrin, pyrethrin, permethrin, cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, deltamethrin da wadataccen dextramethrin Allethrin da sauransu. kasata.Bangaren acid na allethrin na gama gari ya rabu da cis da trans isomers kuma an raba isomers na hagu da dama don haɓaka rabon jikin sa mai inganci, don haka inganta ingantaccen samfur.A lokaci guda kuma, jiki mara inganci yana jujjuya shi zuwa ingantacciyar jiki, yana ƙara rage farashin.Yana nuna cewa samar da pyrethroids a cikin ƙasata ya shiga fagen ci gaba mai zaman kansa da kuma shiga fagen ilimin kimiyyar lissafi da fasahar ayyukan gani mai girma.Dichlorvos tsakanin organophosphorus kwari shine nau'in da ke da mafi girman yawan amfanin ƙasa kuma mafi girman aikace-aikace saboda tasirin ƙwanƙwasa mai ƙarfi, ƙarfin kisa mai ƙarfi da aikin daidaita yanayin yanayi, amma DDVP da chlorpyrifos an iyakance su cikin amfani.A cikin 1999, Cibiyar Bincike ta Hunan ta Masana'antu ta Sinadarai, bisa ga shawarar WHO, ta samar da wani nau'i mai fadi, mai saurin aiwatar da maganin kwari da acaricide pirimiphos-methyl, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don sarrafa sauro, kwari, kyankyasai da mites.
Daga cikin carbamates, propoxur da Zhongbucarb ana amfani da su da yawa.Koyaya, bisa ga bayanan da suka dace, samfurin lalata na sec-butacarb, methyl isocyanate, yana da matsalolin guba.Ba a saka wannan samfurin a cikin jerin samfuran magungunan kashe kwari da Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta buga a shekara ta 1997, kuma in ban da China, babu wata ƙasa a duniya da ta yi amfani da wannan samfurin don tsabtace gida.Domin tabbatar da tsaron lafiyar tsaftar gida da kuma zama daidai da ka'idojin kasa da kasa, Cibiyar Kula da Magungunan Gwari na Ma'aikatar Aikin Noma tare da yanayin kasata, a ranar 23 ga Maris, 2000, ga Zhongbuwei, ka'idojin da suka dace don mika mulki a hankali a hankali. don dakatar da amfani a cikin tsaftar gida an yi maganin kashe kwari.
Akwai masu bincike da yawa akan masu kula da girmar kwari, kuma akwai nau'o'in iri da yawa, kamar: diflubenzuron, diflubenzuron, hexaflumuron, da dai sauransu, a wasu wuraren, ana amfani da su don magance tsutsa a wuraren sauro da kwari, kuma sun sami sakamako mai kyau.A hankali ana yada su ana amfani da su.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, raka'a irin su Jami'ar Fudan sun yi bincike tare da haɗa nau'ikan pheromones na gida, kuma Jami'ar Wuhan ta ƙirƙira da kanta.Waɗannan samfuran suna da fa'idodin aikace-aikace.Ana ci gaba da haɓaka samfuran ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, kamar: Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus sphaericus, cutar kyankyasai da Metarhizium anisopliae a matsayin samfuran tsafta.Babban masu haɗin gwiwa sune piperonyl butoxide, octachlorodipropyl ether, da synergist amin.Bugu da kari, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, saboda matsalar aikace-aikacen hange na octachlorodipropyl ether, Nanjing Forestry Research Institute cire AI-1 synergist daga turpentine, da Shanghai Entomology Research Institute da Nanjing Agricultural University ɓullo da wani 94o synergist.wakili.Har ila yau, akwai amines na haɗin gwiwa, masu haɗin gwiwa, da ci gaban S-855 masu haɗin gwiwar shuka.
A halin yanzu, akwai jimillar 87 da ke aiki da magungunan kashe qwari a cikin ingantaccen matsayi na rajistar maganin kwari a cikin ƙasarmu, wanda: 46 (52.87%) na pyrethroids, 8 (9.20%) na organophosphorus, 5 na carbamates 1 (5.75) %), 5 inorganic abubuwa (5.75%), 4 microorganisms (4.60%), 1 organochlorine (1.15%), da kuma 18 wasu iri (20.68%).
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 20-2023