A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, tare da haɓakar birane da saurin canja wurin ƙasa, aikin ƙauyuka ya kasance a cikin birane, kuma ƙarancin aiki ya zama sananne, wanda ya haifar da tsadar ma'aikata;sannan kuma adadin mata masu aikin kwadago ya karu a kowace shekara, kuma magungunan na fama da matsanancin nauyi na gargajiya na fuskantar kalubale.Musamman tare da ci gaba da aiwatar da raguwar magungunan kashe qwari da inganta ingantaccen aiki, zai iya inganta yawan amfani da magungunan kashe qwari, rage yawan aiki, da kuma ba da dama mai kyau don haɓaka hanyoyin ceton aiki tare da hanyoyi masu sauƙi.Shirye-shiryen aikin ceton aiki da ceton aiki irin su yayyafa miya, granules iyo granules, mai yada fim, U granules, da microcapsules sun zama wuraren bincike na masana'antar masana'antu a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, suna haifar da kyakkyawar dama don haɓakawa.Ci gaban su da aikace-aikacen su sun mamaye babban kasuwa a cikin filayen paddy, gami da wasu amfanin gona na tsabar kuɗi, kuma tsammanin suna da faɗi sosai.
Ci gaban shirye-shiryen ceton aiki yana samun kyau
A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, fasahar sarrafa magungunan kashe qwari ta kasata ta samu ci gaba cikin sauri, kuma yanayin ci gaban da ake samu wajen kyautata muhalli ya kara fitowa fili;inganta aikin, mai da hankali kan aminci na kore, da rage yawan sashi da haɓaka inganci shine kawai hanyar ci gaba.
Samfuran ceton aiki sabbin ƙira ne waɗanda ke biye da yanayin.Musamman, binciken ceton ƙwadago kan tsarin magungunan kashe qwari yana nufin cewa masu aiki za su iya ceton sa'o'i na ɗan lokaci da aiki a cikin ayyukan aikace-aikacen magungunan kashe qwari ta hanyoyi da matakai daban-daban, wato, nazarin yadda ake amfani da mafi yawan hanyoyin ceton aiki da ceton aiki cikin sauri. kuma a yi amfani da kayan aikin kashe qwari daidai.Aiwatar zuwa yankin da aka yi niyya na amfanin gona.
Bangaren kasa da kasa, Japan ita ce kasa mafi saurin bunkasa a fasahar ceton ayyukan gwari, sai kuma Koriya ta Kudu.Haɓaka nau'ikan ceton aiki ya wuce ta hanyoyin bincike guda uku da haɓakawa daga granules zuwa manyan granules, ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun tsari, ƙirar mai gudana, sa'an nan kuma zuwa nau'ikan mai yaɗa fim, granules masu iyo, da U granules.
A cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata, an samu bunkasuwa cikin sauri a cikin kasata ta hanyar samar da magungunan kashe qwari, kuma an samu bunkasuwa da fasahar kere-kere masu nasaba da amfanin gona da gonakin da ake wakilta.A halin yanzu, kayan aikin ceton aiki na magungunan kashe qwari sun haɗa da mai yaɗa fim, granules masu iyo, U granules, microcapsules, wakilai masu rarraba ruwa, wakilai masu ƙyalli (Allunan), manyan granules, granules mai girma, abubuwan hayaki, wakilan koto, da sauransu. . irin.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, adadin shirye-shiryen ceton ƙwadago da aka yi rajista a ƙasata ya karu kowace shekara.Ya zuwa ranar 26 ga Oktoba, 2021, cibiyar sadarwar ba da bayanan magungunan kashe qwari ta kasar Sin ta nuna cewa, akwai samfuran manyan granules 24 da aka yi wa rajista a cikin ƙasata, samfuran mai yaɗa fim 10, samfurin diffusing na ruwa guda 1, masu ba da hayaki 146, wakilan koto 262, da allunan effervescent.17 allurai da 303 microcapsule shirye-shirye.
Mingde Lida, Zhongbao Lunong, Xin'an Chemical, Shaanxi Thompson, Shandong Kesaiji Nong, Chengdu Xinchaoyang, Shaanxi Xiannong, Jiangxi Zhongxun, Shandong Xianda, Hunan Dafang, Anhui Huaxing Chemical, da dai sauransu duk suna kan wannan waƙar.'shugaban.
Shirye-shiryen ceton aiki da aka fi amfani da su a filayen paddy
Don a ce ana amfani da shirye-shiryen ceton aiki mafi yawa, kuma tsarin fasaha ya yi girma, har yanzu filin paddy ne.
Filayen Paddy sune amfanin gona tare da mafi mashahuri aikace-aikacen shirye-shiryen ceton aiki a gida da waje.Bayan ci gaban da aka samu a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, nau'ikan nau'ikan shirye-shiryen ceton aiki da ake amfani da su a filayen paddy a cikin ƙasata galibi suna yaɗa fim ɗin mai, granules masu iyo da tarwatsewar ruwa (U granules).Daga cikin su, fim yada mai shi ne aka fi amfani da shi.
Fim mai yada fim nau'i ne na nau'i wanda aka narkar da magungunan kashe qwari na asali a cikin mai.Musamman, man fetur ne da aka samar ta hanyar ƙara wani wakili na musamman na yadawa da yadawa ga man fetur na yau da kullum.Idan aka yi amfani da shi, kai tsaye a jefa shi cikin gonar shinkafar don yaduwa, kuma bayan ya bazu, ya bazu a saman ruwa da kanta don yin tasirinsa.A halin yanzu, ana amfani da samfuran gida kamar 4% thifur·azoxystrobin fim mai yaɗa mai, 8% fim ɗin thiazide mai yaɗa mai, 1% spirulina ethanolamine gishiri fim shimfida mai, da dai sauransu, ana amfani da su ta hanyar dripping, wanda ya dace sosai.Abun da ke tattare da man fetur na fim din ya hada da kayan aiki masu aiki, surfactants, da masu kaushi mai, kuma alamun kula da ingancinsa sun haɗa da abun ciki mai aiki, kewayon pH, tashin hankali na farfajiya, daidaitawar tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin, danshi, saurin yadawa, shimfidawa wuri, ƙananan kwanciyar hankali. thermal ajiya.kwanciyar hankali.
Granules masu iyo wani sabon nau'in nau'in maganin kashe kwari ne wanda ke yawo kai tsaye a saman ruwa bayan an sanya shi cikin ruwa, da sauri ya bazu zuwa saman ruwan gaba daya, sannan ya watse ya watse a cikin ruwa.Abubuwan da ke cikinsa galibi sun haɗa da kayan aikin kashe qwari, masu ɗaukar kaya masu iyo, masu ɗaure, tarwatsa masu tarwatsewa, da sauransu. nisa, adadin tarwatsewa, da tarwatsewa.
U granules sun ƙunshi sinadirai masu aiki, masu ɗaukar kaya, masu ɗaure da masu watsawa.Lokacin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin filayen paddy, granules na ɗan lokaci su zauna a ƙasa, sa'an nan kuma granules su sake tashi don yin iyo.A ƙarshe, kayan aikin da ke aiki yana narkewa kuma yana yaduwa a duk kwatance akan saman ruwa.Babban ci gaba shine shirye-shiryen cypermethrin don kula da weevil ruwan shinkafa.Abubuwan da ke cikin U granules sun haɗa da sinadarai masu aiki, masu ɗaukar kaya, masu ɗaure, da wakilai masu rarrabawa, kuma alamun kula da ingancinsa sun haɗa da bayyanar, lokacin fara iyo, lokaci don kammala iyo, nisa watsawa, rarrabuwa, da rarrabuwa.
A cewar masana'antun masana'antu, Japan da Koriya ta Kudu sun inganta amfani da U granules da granules masu iyo a kan babban sikelin, amma akwai ƙananan nazarin cikin gida, kuma ba a sanya kayan da ke da alaƙa a kasuwa ba tukuna.Duk da haka, an yi imanin cewa, za a sami kayayyakin granule masu iyo a kasuwa a kasar Sin nan gaba.A wancan lokacin, za a maye gurbin wasu kayan ruwa na al'ada da ke shawagi mai ƙyalli ko samfuran kwamfutar hannu a jere a cikin maganin gonar shinkafa, wanda zai ba da damar yin amfani da ƙarin kayan abinci na shinkafa na gida.Manoma suna amfana da yadda ake shafa su.
Shirye-shiryen microencapsulated ya zama babban matsayi na gaba a cikin masana'antu
Daga cikin nau'o'in shirye-shiryen ceton aiki na yanzu, shirye-shiryen microencapsulated sun kasance abin da aka mayar da hankali ga masana'antu a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.
Dakatarwar microcapsule (CS) tana nufin tsarin ƙirar magungunan kashe qwari wanda ke amfani da kayan roba ko kayan polymer na halitta don samar da ƙaramin kwantena na tushen-harsashi, ya rufe maganin kashe qwari a cikinsa, kuma ya dakatar da shi cikin ruwa.Ya haɗa da sassa biyu, harsashi na capsule da kuma capsule core, capsule core wani sashi ne mai aiki na magungunan kashe qwari, kuma harsashi na capsule wani abu ne mai samar da fim na polymer.An fara amfani da fasahar kere kere a kasashen waje, ciki har da wasu magungunan kashe kwari da fungicides, wadanda suka shawo kan matsalolin fasaha da tsada, kuma an bunkasa su sosai a kasar Sin a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.Dangane da binciken cibiyar sadarwa ta yanar gizo na maganin kashe kwari ta kasar Sin, ya zuwa ranar 26 ga Oktoba, 2021, adadin kayayyakin shirye-shiryen da aka yi rajista a cikin kasata ya kai 303, kuma ka'idojin da aka yi rajista sun hada da dakatarwar microcapsule 245, dakatarwar microcapsule 33, da dakatarwar maganin microcapsule.11 granules, 8 iri magani microcapsule dakatar-dakata jamiái, 3 microcapsule foda, 7 microcapsule granules, 1 microcapsule, da kuma 1 microcapsule dakatar-ruwa emulsion.
Ana iya ganin cewa adadin dakatarwar microcapsule da aka yi rajista a cikin shirye-shiryen microcapsule na gida shine mafi girma, kuma nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan da aka yiwa rajista suna da ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi, don haka akwai babban sarari don haɓakawa.
Liu Runfeng, darektan cibiyar R&D na rukunin nazarin halittu na Yunfa, ya bayyana cewa, microcapsules na maganin kashe kwari, a matsayin tsarin da ya dace da muhalli, yana da fa'ida na dogon lokaci, aminci da kare muhalli.Ɗaya daga cikinsu shine wurin bincike a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kuma shi ne sabon tsaunuka na gaba don masana'antun su yi gasa.A halin yanzu, bincike na cikin gida akan capsules ya fi ta'allaka ne a cikin jami'o'i da cibiyoyin bincike na kimiyya, kuma ainihin binciken ka'idar yana da inganci sosai.Saboda akwai ƴan shingen fasaha a cikin tsarin samar da shirye-shiryen microcapsule, ƙasa da 100 a zahiri ana sayar da su, kuma kusan babu shirye-shiryen microcapsule a China.Kayayyakin Capsule kamfanoni ne na sarrafa magungunan kashe qwari tare da babban gasa.
A cikin gasa mai zafi da ake yi a kasuwanni a halin yanzu, baya ga matsayin tsofaffin kamfanonin kasashen waje da ke cikin zukatan jama'ar kasar Sin, kamfanoni masu kirkire-kirkire na cikin gida irin su Mingde Lida, da Hailier, da Lier, da Guangxi Tianyuan, sun dogara da inganci, wajen tsallakawa da kewayen.Daga cikin su, Mingde Lida ta karya ra'ayin cewa kayayyakin kasar Sin ba su kai kamfanonin kasashen waje a wannan hanya ba.
Liu Runfeng ya gabatar da cewa fasahar microencapsulation ita ce babbar gasa ta Mindleader.Mindleader ya haɓaka mahadi irin su beta-cyhalothrin, metolachlor, prochloraz, da abamectin: Akwai samfuran sama da 20 waɗanda aka ba da izini kuma suna yin layi don rajista a manyan sassa huɗu: jerin microcapsule na fungicide, jerin microcapsule na kwari, jerin microcapsule na herbicide, da kuma iri shafi microcapsule jerin.An rufe amfanin gona iri-iri, kamar shinkafa, citrus, kayan lambu, alkama, tuffa, masara, tuffa, inabi, gyada da sauransu.
A halin yanzu, samfuran microcapsule na Mingde Lida waɗanda aka jera ko kuma za a jera su a China sun haɗa da Delica® (25% beta-cyhalothrin da kuma wakilin dakatarwar dakatarwa na microcapsule fabricianidin), Lishan® (45% ainihin Metolachlor Microcapsule Suspension), Lizao® (30% Oxadiazone · Butachlor Microcapsule Suspension), Minggong® (30% Prochloraz Microcapsule Suspension), Jinggongfu ® (23% beta-cyhalothrin microcapsule dakatar), Miaowanjin® (25% dressianidin·metalaxyl·edfluension suspension microcapsule jiyya microcapsule ), Deliang® (5 % Abamectin Microcapsule Suspension), Mingdaoshou® (25% Prochloraz·Blastamide Microcapsule Suspensions), da sauransu.Tare da saukowar rajista na ƙasashen waje, samfuran microcapsule na Mingde Lida za a haɓaka sannu a hankali kuma a yi amfani da su a duniya.
Da yake magana game da bincike na gaba da ci gaban ci gaban microcapsules na magungunan kashe qwari a nan gaba, Liu Runfeng ya bayyana cewa za a sami hanyoyi guda biyar masu zuwa: ① daga jinkiri-saki zuwa sarrafawa-saki;② kayan bangon da ke da alaƙa da muhalli maimakon kayan bango na roba don rage sakin "microplastics" a cikin yanayi;③ dangane da ƙirar Formula don yanayin aikace-aikacen daban-daban;④ Mafi aminci kuma ƙarin hanyoyin shirye-shiryen muhalli;⑤ Ma'aunin kimanta kimiyya.Haɓaka ingancin kwanciyar hankali na samfuran dakatarwar microcapsule zai zama abin da masana'antun ke wakilta da Mingde Lida a nan gaba.
A taƙaice, tare da zurfin ci gaba na rage magungunan kashe qwari da haɓaka ingantaccen aiki, buƙatun kasuwa da yuwuwar hanyoyin ceton ƙwadago za a ƙara yin amfani da su kuma a fitar da su, kuma makomarta ba ta da iyaka.Tabbas, kuma za a sami ƙarin kamfanoni na shirye-shirye masu kyau da ke zubowa cikin wannan waƙar, kuma gasar za ta fi ƙarfi.Don haka, jama'ar da ke cikin masana'antar suna kira ga kamfanonin kashe kwari na cikin gida da su kara karfafa bincike da samar da hanyoyin samar da magungunan kashe qwari, da kara zuba jarin bincike na kimiyya, da yin la'akari da yadda ake amfani da fasahohi wajen sarrafa magungunan kashe qwari, da bunkasuwar hanyoyin ceton ƙwadago, da inganta aikin gona.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-05-2022