Hulɗar gibberellin da potassium nitrate, da kuma tasirin tushen pollen akan halayen sinadarai na innabi.

A cikin inabin tebur, gami da nau'in Siah-e-Samarkhandi na mace, yanayin tsiro da girman 'ya'yan itace suna da matuƙar muhimmanci. Duk da haka, noman wannan inabi yana fuskantar ƙalubale da dama, kamar faɗuwar 'ya'yan itacen berry da 'ya'yan itacen dwarf, wanda ke haifar da raguwar yawan amfanin ƙasa da ƙimar kasuwa. Faɗuwar 'ya'yan itacen berry babban abin damuwa ne ga nau'in Siah-e-Samarkhandi. Saboda haka, wannan binciken ya binciki tasirin 0, 30, 60, da 90 mg/L⁻¹ GA₃ da 0 da 1.5% HKO₃ akan faɗuwar nau'in Siah-e-Samarkhandi a ƙarƙashin yanayin fure mai buɗewa da sarrafawa. Bugu da ƙari, wani gwaji ya tantance tasirin tushen fure (Siah-e-Shiraz, Askari, Rotabi, Rishbaba, da Aatabaki) akan faɗuwar nau'in Siah-e-Samarkhandi. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa, ban da nau'in Atabaki, fure daga wasu nau'ikan ya inganta yawan 'ya'yan itacen berry da bunch a cikin nau'in Siah-e-Samarkhandi. Gabaɗaya, haɗin 30 mg/Lgibberellin (GA₃)da kuma kashi 1.5% na potassium nitrate (KNO₃) suna da tasiri mafi mahimmanci akan ingancin 'ya'yan itacen berries da bunƙasa da kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Wannan nau'in yana da matuƙar muhimmanci musamman a Iran da lardin Fars saboda sabo da yawan sinadarin anthocyanin. Inabi na Siah-e-Samarkhandi yana girma a cikin yanayi mai bushewa, tare da matsakaicin ruwan sama daga 300 zuwa 450 mm a yankuna daban-daban na lardin. Saboda bayyanar tarin innabi da girman 'ya'yan itacen suna da mahimmanci ga sabo, akwai matsaloli da dama, kamar girman 'ya'yan itacen da ba su dace ba, rashin ingancin 'ya'yan itacen, da ƙarancin adadin 'ya'yan itacen a kowace rukuni (saboda raguwar 'ya'yan itacen), wanda ke rage yawan amfanin ƙasa.³ Cirewar 'ya'yan inabi mai cin abinci na iya yin tasirin halittu iri-iri, gami da yin aiki a matsayin antioxidants na halitta, abubuwan kiyayewa, da kuma maganin kashe abinci, ta haka yana hana gurɓatar abinci ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa.

Dangane da dacewar nau'in innabi, yawancin nau'ikan suna da jituwa da kansu kuma suna yin pollination kai tsaye. Takin zamani a cikin flora masu rufewa abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare a cikin innabi. Kodayake akwai keɓancewa, ba kasafai suke ba; wasu nau'ikan ba sa jituwa da kansu. Yawan 'ya'yan itace da ingancinsa yana da tasiri ta hanyar dalilai da yawa. Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan shine ilimin halittar nau'in innabi. Cikakken ci gaban gabobin fure da samar da pollen mai dacewa tare da yawan tsiro suna da mahimmanci don tabbatar da haihuwa. Tsarin pollen ya dogara da iri-iri, yanayin abinci mai gina jiki, da abubuwan muhalli, kuma yanayi mafi kyau don bayyanar pollen ya bambanta.
Amfani da gibberellin a cikin 'ya'yan inabi marasa iri na iya ƙara girman 'ya'yan itacen a lokacin saitin 'ya'yan itatuwa. 8.
Ganin yadda ake noma inabi mai yawa, samun mafita masu dacewa don inganta ingancinsa yana da matuƙar muhimmanci. An gudanar da maganin pollen akan nau'ikan kamar Siah-e-Shiraz da sauransu, domin waɗannan maganin sun haifar da ƙwayoyin pollen tare da yawan tsiro (ba a bayar da bayanai ba). Sanya waɗannan ƙwayoyin pollen (ƙwayoyin pollen masu lafiya tushen auxin da GA3) akan salon nau'in Siah-e-Samarkhandi kuma tsiron su yana ƙarfafa girman kwai, wanda ke haifar da haɗakar waɗannan hormones da, a ƙarshe, samuwar 'ya'yan itace. Kasancewar ƙwayoyin pollen masu lafiya a cikin 'ya'yan itacen yana haifar da samuwar tsaba masu lafiya (Figures 1A-F). Babban manufar wannan gwajin shine bincika dalilan fashewar 'ya'yan inabi da ingancin magunguna kamar hulɗar gibberellin (GA3) da potassium nitrate (KNO3) da kuma yin pollination a kan hana ko rage wannan matsala a cikin nau'in inabi na Siah-e-Samarkhandi.
An gudanar da wannan gwajin tsawon shekaru biyu (2021-2022) a wani gonar inabi mai ruwan sama a ƙauyen Khoral, arewa maso yammacin Shiraz, Iran (kilomita 35 arewa maso yamma da Shiraz, 29°57′ N, 52°14′ S). Yankin yana da yanayi mai sanyi da sanyi tare da matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara na 450 mm da ƙasa mai laka. An dasa inabi a nisan mita 3.5 a jere da kuma mita 4 tsakanin inabin. Ba a yi ban ruwa da gonar inabin ba (noman da aka yi da ruwan sama). Tattara kayan shuka ya bi ƙa'idodi da ƙa'idodi na cibiyoyi, na ƙasa, da na duniya kuma wani kamfanin noman lambu na kasuwanci ya ba da izini tare da haɗin gwiwar Jami'ar Shiraz.
Gwaje-gwajen farko da na biyu sun yi amfani da tsarin factorial bisa tsarin tubali da aka yi bazuwar kuma an maimaita su sau huɗu.
Gwaji na uku ya ƙunshi yin pollination tsakanin nau'in Siah-e-Samarghandi (wanda aka sarrafa pollination) ta amfani da pollination daga nau'ikan iri biyar (Rotabi, Rishbaba, Askari, Atabaki, da Siah-e-Shiraz). An yi amfani da pollen daga nau'in Siah-e-Samarghandi don yin pollination kai tsaye na wannan nau'in kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin iko a cikin wannan gwajin.
A lokacin fure na kowace nau'in inabi na Siah-e-Samarghandi, an shafa pollen daga waɗannan nau'ikan a kan furanni huɗu da aka zaɓa. Kwanaki ɗaya zuwa uku kafin fure, an sanya furannin da aka zaɓa a cikin jakunkunan takarda. Kashi ashirin da biyar cikin ɗari na furannin nau'in pollinating an sanya su a cikin jakunkunan. Kwanaki goma zuwa goma sha huɗu bayan fure, an cire duk jakunkunan takarda daga furannin.
Bayan nunar 'ya'yan itace (wanda sinadarin daskararru mai narkewa ya kai ≥16%), an auna yawan 'ya'yan inabin daban-daban. Daga nan aka zaɓi guntu takwas (a cikin jaka huɗu, sauran kuma ba a saka su a cikin jaka ba) bazuwar daga ɓangarorin itacen inabi guda huɗu aka mayar da su dakin gwaje-gwaje na ilimin halittar jiki na Sashen Noma, Kwalejin Noma, Jami'ar Shiraz, Iran, don tantance adadi da inganci.
Ana ƙididdige ƙimar saitin 'ya'yan itace ta amfani da dabarar da ke ƙasa ta hanyar ƙididdige adadin furanni kwanaki 10 kafin fure da adadin 'ya'yan itacen da aka samar kwanaki 10 bayan fure.
A gwaje-gwaje biyu na farko, an zaɓi 'ya'yan itace 10 bazuwar daga kowane gungu; a gwaji na uku, an zaɓi 'ya'yan itace 50. An ƙirga adadin iri a cikin kowane 'ya'yan itace, kuma an ƙirga matsakaicin adadin iri a cikin kowane rukunin magani.
Domin tantance mahaɗan phenolic, an narkar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace da kashi 1:1 tare da kashi 80% na methanol. Sannan, an haɗa 100 μl na ruwan ethanol da 400 μl na phosphate buffer da 2.5 ml na Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (Sigma-Aldrich). Bayan minti 1, an ƙara 2 ml na sodium carbonate 7.5% a cikin cakuda, kuma an sanya samfurin a zafin 25°C na minti 5. Sannan an auna sha a 760 nm ta amfani da na'urar auna haske (BioTek Instruments, Inc., Amurka). Sakamakon an bayyana shi a matsayin milligrams na gallic acid a kowace 100 g na sabon nauyi, tare da amfani da gallic acid.^asmizani.
An tantance yawan sinadarin Anthocyanin ta hanyar amfani da ma'aunin pH daban-daban guda biyu: ma'aunin KCl 25 mM a pH 1.0 da kuma ma'aunin sodium acetate 0.4 M a pH 4.5. An saka kowanne samfurin a cikin ma'aunin guda biyu na tsawon minti 15, kuma an auna yawan sinadarin a 510 nm da 700 nm, tare da maimaitawa biyar ga kowane samfurin. An tantance jimillar yawan sinadarin anthocyanin bisa ga hanyar Sabir et al.
Aikin antioxidant^{an ƙaddara}ta amfani da hanyar 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH). Takamaiman hanyar ita ce kamar haka: An narkar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace 100 ml da methanol da ruwa a rabo na 1:100. Sannan aka haɗa ruwan da aka samo da 2 ml na maganin DPPH na 0.1 mM a cikin methanol. Bayan mintuna 30, an auna shan ruwan da aka samo a 517 nm ta amfani da na'urar auna haske ta Cecil 2010 UV. An yi amfani da shan DPPH kyauta ba tare da cirewa ba a matsayin iko. An ƙididdige ayyukan antioxidant ta amfani da dabarar da ke ƙasa:
Wannan gwajin ya yi amfani da tsari na musamman wanda aka yi bazuwarsa gaba ɗaya, wanda aka maimaita sau uku (kowane maimaitawa ya ƙunshi rukunoni huɗu). An yi nazarin bayanai ta amfani da software na SAS 9.1, kuma an yi amfani da gwajin Tukey don kwatanta hanyoyin a matakin mahimmanci na 0.05. An samar da taswirar zafi ta rukuni ta amfani da software na R don nazarin bambance-bambancen da yawa.
Idan aka kwatanta da maganin gurɓatar kai (14.97%), ƙimar TSS don gurɓatar kai a cikin maganin Atabaqui shine 16.93%, wanda babban bambanci ne. Ba a lura da wani babban bambanci tsakanin sauran jiyya da maganin gurɓatar kai ba (Hoto na 4B).
An lura da mafi girman aikin hana tsufa ta hanyar yin pollination kai tsaye (55.78%), yayin da aka lura da mafi ƙanƙanta da pollen atabaca (18.88%) da askari (31.54%). Sauran magunguna ba su bambanta sosai da ƙungiyar da ke kula da su ba.