Yawancin manoma sun fuskanci phytotoxicity lokacin amfani da mancozeb saboda rashin zaɓi na samfurin ko lokacin aikace-aikacen da ba daidai ba, sashi, da mita. Launuka masu laushi suna haifar da lalacewar ganye, raunin photosynthesis, da rashin girma amfanin gona. A lokuta masu tsanani, miyagun ƙwayoyi spots (brown spots, rawaya spots, net spots, da dai sauransu) form a kan 'ya'yan itãcen marmari surface da ganye surface, har ma da sa oversized 'ya'yan itace dige, m 'ya'yan itace surface, da 'ya'yan itace tsatsa, tsanani shafi kasuwanci darajar 'ya'yan itace, haddasa nauyi asara ga manoma. Ta hanyar taƙaitawa, an gano cewa manyan dalilai na phytotoxicity sune kamar haka:
1. Samfuran mancozeb marasa cancanta suna haifar da babban abin da ya faru na phytotoxicity.
Cancantaccen mancozeb yakamata ya zama hadadden manganese-zinc namancozeb acidsamar da wani thermal hadaddun tsari. Akwai wasu kananan masana'antu da masu yin jabu a kasuwa wadanda ba za a iya kiransu da sunan mancozeb a zahiri ba. Saboda gazawar kayan aikin samarwa da fasaha, kaɗan ne kawai na samfuran waɗannan ƙananan masana'antu za a iya haɗa su zuwa mancozeb, kuma galibin gauraye ne na mancozeb da gishirin zinc. Waɗannan samfuran suna da launi mara kyau, babban abun ciki na ƙazanta, kuma suna da saurin lalacewa lokacin fallasa ga danshi da zafi. Yin amfani da waɗannan samfuran yana da yuwuwar haifar da phytotoxicity. Misali, yin amfani da mancozeb maras kyau a lokacin samari na 'ya'yan itacen apple na iya yin tasiri ga sanya kakin zuma a saman 'ya'yan itacen, yana haifar da lalacewa ga kwasfa na 'ya'yan itace kuma yana haifar da aibobi na phytotoxicity na madauwari, wanda ke fadada yayin da 'ya'yan itacen ke tasowa.
2. Hadawar makafin magungunan kashe qwari yana shafar amincin amfani da mancozeb.
Lokacin haxa magungunan kashe qwari, ya kamata a yi la'akari da fannoni da yawa kamar sinadarai masu aiki, kaddarorin jiki da sinadarai, tasirin sarrafawa, da kuma kwari masu manufa. Haɗin makafi ba kawai yana rage inganci ba amma yana ƙara haɗarin phytotoxicity. Misali, al'adar hada mancozeb da magungunan kashe kwari na alkaline ko mahaɗan ƙarfe masu nauyi da ke ɗauke da jan ƙarfe na iya rage tasirin mancozeb. Hada mancozeb da kayayyakin phosphate na iya haifar da samuwar hazo mai ruwa da kuma sakin iskar hydrogen sulfide.
3. Zaɓin da ba daidai ba na lokacin spraying da daidaitawa na sabani na maida hankali yana ƙara haɗarin phytotoxicity.
A cikin ainihin amfani, manoma da yawa suna son rage rabon dilution zuwa maida hankali da aka kayyade a cikin umarnin ko ma yin amfani da maida hankali fiye da wanda aka ba da shawarar don haɓaka inganci. Wannan yana ƙara haɗarin phytotoxicity. A lokaci guda, manoma suna haɗuwa da magungunan kashe qwari da yawa don tasirin haɗin gwiwa, kawai suna kula da sunayen kasuwanci daban-daban amma yin watsi da abubuwan da ke aiki da abubuwan da ke ciki. A lokacin tsarin hadawa, adadin nau'in kayan aiki iri ɗaya yana tarawa, kuma ƙaddamar da magungunan kashe qwari yana ƙaruwa a kaikaice, ya wuce ƙimar aminci da haifar da phytotoxicity. Yin amfani da magungunan kashe qwari a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai zafi yana ƙara yawan aikin magungunan kashe qwari. Fesa manyan magungunan kashe qwari yana ƙara haɗarin phytotoxicity.
4. Ingancin samfurin yana shafar amincin mancozeb.
Lalacewar, ƙimar dakatarwa, kadarar jika, da mannewar barbashi na mancozeb suna shafar inganci da amincin samfurin. Wasu samfuran mancozeb na masana'antu suna da nakasu a cikin alamun fasaha kamar lafiya, ƙimar dakatarwa, da kaddarorin jika saboda gazawar tsarin samarwa. A lokacin amfani da gaske, abin da ya faru na ɗorawa magungunan kashe qwari da tarwatsewar toshe bututun ƙarfe ya zama ruwan dare gama gari. Rushewar maganin kashe qwari a lokacin fesa yana haifar da rashin daidaituwa a yayin aikin fesa, wanda ya haifar da rashin isasshen inganci a ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da phytotoxicity a babban taro. Rashin ƙarancin mannewa na maganin kashe qwari, haɗe da ruwa mai yawa da ake amfani da shi don fesa, yana haifar da magungunan kashe qwari don bazuwa sosai a saman ganyen, wanda ke haifar da tarin maganin kashe qwari a saman tukwici na ganye da saman 'ya'yan itace, yana haifar da babban taro na gida da wuraren phytotoxicity.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-22-2025