Leaps ta Bayer, wani bangare na hannun jari na Bayer AG, yana saka hannun jari a cikin ƙungiyoyi don samun ci gaba na asali a cikin ilimin halittu da sauran sassan kimiyyar rayuwa.A cikin shekaru takwas da suka gabata, kamfanin ya zuba jari fiye da dala biliyan 1.7 a sama da kamfanoni 55.
PJ Amini, Babban Darakta a Leaps ta Bayer tun daga 2019, yana raba ra'ayoyinsa game da saka hannun jari na kamfani a cikin fasahohin ilimin halittu da yanayin masana'antar halittu.
Leaps ta Bayer ya saka hannun jari a kamfanoni masu ɗorewa na amfanin gona a cikin ƴan shekarun da suka gabata.Wane fa'ida waɗannan jarin ke kawowa Bayer?
Ɗaya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa muke yin waɗannan saka hannun jari shine duba inda za mu iya samun fasahohin ci gaba waɗanda ke aiki a wuraren bincike ba mu taɓa cikin bangonmu ba.Kungiyar R&D ta Bayer's Crop Science tana kashe $2.9B kowace shekara a cikin gida akan ikonta na R&D na jagorancin duniya, amma har yanzu akwai yalwa da ke faruwa a wajen bangonta.
Misalin daya daga cikin jarin da muka zuba shine CoverCress, wanda ke da hannu wajen gyaran kwayoyin halitta da kuma samar da sabon amfanin gona, PennyCress, wanda ake girbe don sabon tsarin samar da man fetur mai karancin sinadarin Carbon, wanda ke baiwa manoma damar shuka amfanin gona a lokacin hunturu tsakanin masara. da waken soya.Don haka, yana da fa'ida a fannin tattalin arziki ga manoma, yana samar da tushen mai mai ɗorewa, yana taimakawa wajen inganta lafiyar ƙasa, da kuma samar da wani abu da ya dace da ayyukan manoma, da sauran kayayyakin amfanin gona da muke samarwa a cikin Bayer.Tunanin yadda waɗannan samfuran masu dorewa ke aiki a cikin tsarinmu mai fa'ida yana da mahimmanci.
Idan ka kalli wasu daga cikin sauran jarin mu a cikin madaidaicin sararin feshi, muna da kamfanoni, irin su Guardian Agriculture da Rantizo, waɗanda ke duban ingantattun aikace-aikacen fasahar kare amfanin gona.Wannan ya dace da fayil ɗin kariya na amfanin gona na Bayer kuma yana ƙara ba da damar haɓaka sabbin nau'ikan nau'ikan kariyar amfanin gona waɗanda ke da niyyar yin amfani da ƙananan girma don nan gaba ma.
Lokacin da muke son ƙarin fahimtar samfuran da yadda suke hulɗa da ƙasa, samun kamfanonin da muka saka hannun jari a ciki, irin su ChrysaLabs, wanda ke Kanada, yana ba mu kyakkyawan yanayin ƙasa da fahimta.Don haka, zamu iya koyo game da yadda samfuranmu, ko iri, sunadarai, ko nazarin halittu, suke aiki cikin alaƙa da yanayin ƙasa.Dole ne ku sami damar auna ƙasa, duka kayan aikinta na halitta da na inorganic.
Sauran kamfanoni, irin su Sound Agriculture ko Andes, suna duban rage takin zamani da sarrafa carbon, suna haɓaka babban fayil ɗin Bayer a yau.
Lokacin saka hannun jari a kamfanonin bio-ag, wadanne nau'ikan waɗannan kamfanoni ne suka fi mahimmanci don kimantawa?Wadanne ma'auni ne ake amfani da su don tantance yuwuwar kamfani?Ko menene bayanai ya fi mahimmanci?
A gare mu, ka'idar farko ita ce babbar ƙungiya da fasaha mai girma.
Ga yawancin kamfanonin fasahar Ag-tech da ke aiki a sararin samaniya, yana da matukar wahala a tabbatar da ingancin samfuran su da wuri.Amma wannan shine yankin da muke ba da shawarar mafi yawan masu farawa da su mai da hankali a kai kuma su yi ƙoƙari sosai.Idan wannan ilimin halitta ne, idan aka duba yadda za a yi a fagen, zai kasance yana aiki ne a cikin yanayi mai sarƙaƙƙiya da kuzari.Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci don gudanar da gwaje-gwajen da suka dace tare da ingantaccen iko mai kyau wanda aka kafa a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje ko ɗakin girma da wuri.Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya gaya muku yadda samfurin ke aiki a cikin mafi kyawun yanayi, wanda shine mahimman bayanai don samarwa da wuri kafin ɗaukar wannan matakin mai tsada na ci gaba zuwa faɗuwar gwajin filin kadada ba tare da sanin mafi kyawun samfurin naku ba.
Idan kun kalli samfuran halitta a yau, don farawa waɗanda ke son yin haɗin gwiwa tare da Bayer, ƙungiyar haɗin gwiwarmu ta Buɗe Innovation Strategic Partnership tana da takamaiman fakitin sakamakon bayanan da muke nema idan muna son shiga.
Amma daga ruwan tabarau na saka hannun jari musamman, neman waɗancan ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru da samun ingantattun sarrafawa, da kuma abubuwan da suka dace game da mafi kyawun ayyukan kasuwanci, sune abin da muke nema gaba ɗaya.
Yaya tsawon lokacin da ake ɗauka daga R&D zuwa tallace-tallace don shigarwar agri-ilimi?Ta yaya za a gajarta wannan lokacin?
Ina fata in ce akwai takamaiman lokacin da yake ɗauka.Don mahallin, Ina kallon ilimin halittu tun daga baya lokacin da Monsanto da Novozymes suka yi haɗin gwiwa akan ɗayan manyan bututun gano ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a duniya tsawon shekaru masu yawa.Kuma a lokacin, akwai kamfanoni, irin su Agradis da AgriQuest, waɗanda duk suna ƙoƙarin zama majagaba wajen bin wannan hanyar, suna masu cewa, “Yana ɗaukar mu shekaru huɗu.Yana kai mu shida.Yana ɗaukar takwas." A duk gaskiya, na fi son ba ku kewayo fiye da takamaiman lamba.Don haka, kuna da samfuran daga shekaru biyar zuwa takwas don zuwa kasuwa.
Kuma don ma'anar kwatanta ku, don haɓaka sabon ɗabi'a, yana iya ɗaukar kusan shekaru goma kuma zai iya kashe sama da dala miliyan 100.Ko kuma za ku iya yin tunani game da samfurin sinadarai na roba na kariyar amfanin gona wanda ke ɗaukar kusan shekaru goma zuwa goma sha biyu da fiye da dala miliyan 250.Don haka a yau, ilimin halitta nau'in samfuri ne wanda zai iya isa kasuwa cikin sauri.
Koyaya, tsarin tsari yana ci gaba da haɓakawa a cikin wannan sarari.Na kwatanta shi da sinadarai na roba kariyar amfanin gona a da.Akwai takamaiman takamaiman umarni na gwaji game da ilimin halittu da gwajin toxicology da ƙa'idodi, da auna tasirin saura na dogon lokaci.
Idan muka yi la'akari da ilimin halitta, shi ne mafi hadaddun kwayoyin halitta, da kuma aunawa da dogon lokaci tasirin su ne dan kadan wuya a yi aiki ta hanyar, domin suna tafiya ta rayuwa da kuma mutuwa cycles a kan wani roba sinadari, wanda shi ne wani inorganic siffan cewa. ana iya auna sauƙin aunawa a cikin zagayowar lokacin lalacewa.Don haka, za mu buƙaci gudanar da nazarin yawan jama'a a cikin 'yan shekaru don fahimtar yadda waɗannan tsarin ke aiki.
Mafi kyawun kwatancen da zan iya bayarwa shine idan kuna tunanin lokacin da zamu gabatar da sabuwar kwayar halitta a cikin tsarin halittu, koyaushe akwai fa'idodi da sakamako na kusa, amma koyaushe akwai yiwuwar haɗari ko fa'idodi na dogon lokaci waɗanda dole ne ku yi. auna kan lokaci.Ba da dadewa ba muka gabatar da Kudzu (Pueraria montana) zuwa Amurka (1870's) sannan muka zayyana shi a farkon shekarun 1900 a matsayin babban tsiro da za a yi amfani da shi don magance zaizayar ƙasa saboda saurin girma.Yanzu Kudzu ya mamaye wani babban yanki na Kudu maso Gabashin Amurka kuma ya mamaye yawancin nau'ikan tsire-tsire na dabi'a, yana kwace musu haske da na gina jiki.Lokacin da muka sami microbe 'mai jurewa' ko 'symbiotic' kuma muka gabatar da shi, muna buƙatar samun cikakkiyar fahimta game da symbiosis tare da yanayin yanayin da ake ciki.
Har yanzu muna cikin farkon kwanakin yin waɗannan ma'auni, amma akwai kamfanoni masu farawa waɗanda ba jarinmu ba ne, amma da farin ciki zan kira su.Solena Ag, Pattern Ag da Trace Genomics suna gudanar da nazarin ƙasa na metagenomic don fahimtar duk nau'ikan da ke faruwa a cikin ƙasa.Kuma yanzu da za mu iya auna waɗannan yawan jama'a akai-akai, za mu iya fahimtar tasirin dogon lokaci na shigar da ƙwayoyin halitta cikin waccan microbiome da ke akwai.
Ana buƙatar nau'ikan samfura ga manoma, kuma ilimin halittu yana ba da kayan aiki mai amfani don ƙarawa cikin manyan kayan aikin shigar da manoma.Koyaushe akwai bege don rage lokacin daga R&D zuwa kasuwanci, fatana ga farawa Ag da kafa manyan 'yan wasa haɗin gwiwa tare da yanayin ƙa'ida shine cewa ba wai kawai ya ci gaba da haɓakawa da haɓaka haɓakar shigarwar waɗannan samfuran a cikin masana'antar ba, amma Hakanan yana ci gaba da haɓaka matsayin gwaji.Ina tsammanin fifikonmu ga kayan aikin gona shine cewa suna da aminci kuma suna aiki da kyau.Ina tsammanin za mu ga hanyar samfurin don ƙwayoyin halitta suna ci gaba da haɓakawa.
Menene mabuɗin ci gaba a cikin R&D da aikace-aikacen abubuwan shigar da agri- nazarin halittu?
Wataƙila akwai maɓalli biyu masu mahimmanci waɗanda muke gani gabaɗaya.Daya yana cikin kwayoyin halitta, ɗayan kuma yana cikin fasahar aikace-aikace.
A bangaren jinsin halittu, abin da tarihi ya gani da yawa na jerin abubuwa da kuma zaɓin ƙwayoyin cuta da ke faruwa ta halitta waɗanda za a sake dawo da su zuwa wasu tsarin.Ina tsammanin yanayin da muke gani a yau ya fi game da ingantawa na microbe da kuma gyara waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta don su kasance masu tasiri kamar yadda zai yiwu a wasu yanayi.
Halin na biyu shine motsi nesa da aikace-aikacen foliar ko a cikin-furrow na ilimin halitta zuwa maganin iri.Idan za ku iya magance iri, yana da sauƙi don isa kasuwa mafi girma, kuma kuna iya haɗin gwiwa tare da ƙarin kamfanonin iri don yin hakan.Mun ga wannan yanayin tare da Pivot Bio, kuma muna ci gaba da ganin wannan tare da wasu kamfanoni duka a ciki da wajen fayil ɗin mu.
Yawancin farawa suna mayar da hankali kan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta don bututun samfurin su.Waɗanne tasirin haɗin gwiwa suke da su tare da sauran fasahohin aikin gona, kamar ingantaccen aikin gona, gyaran kwayoyin halitta, hankali na wucin gadi (AI) da sauransu?
Na ji daɗin wannan tambayar.Ina jin amsar da ta fi dacewa da za mu iya bayarwa ita ce ba mu da cikakken sani tukuna.Zan faɗi wannan game da wasu nazarin da muka duba waɗanda ke da nufin auna daidaito tsakanin samfuran shigar da noma daban-daban.Wannan ya kasance fiye da shekaru shida da suka gabata, don haka an ɗan ɗan yi kwanan wata.Amma abin da muka yi ƙoƙarin dubawa shi ne duk waɗannan hulɗar, irin su ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ta germplasm, germplasm ta hanyar fungicides da tasirin yanayi akan kwayoyin cuta, da kuma ƙoƙarin fahimtar duk waɗannan abubuwa masu yawa da kuma yadda suka shafi aikin filin.Kuma sakamakon wannan binciken shine cewa fiye da kashi 60% na sauye-sauyen aikin filin yana haifar da yanayi, wanda shine abin da ba za mu iya sarrafawa ba.
Ga sauran wannan sauye-sauyen, fahimtar waɗannan hulɗar samfuran shine inda har yanzu muna da kyakkyawan fata, kamar yadda akwai wasu levers inda kamfanoni masu tasowa fasaha zasu iya yin tasiri mai yawa.Kuma misali shine ainihin a cikin fayil ɗin mu.Idan ka dubi Sound Agriculture, abin da suke yi shi ne samfurin biochemistry, kuma wannan sinadari yana aiki akan kayyade microbes na nitrogen da ke faruwa a cikin ƙasa.Akwai wasu kamfanoni a yau waɗanda ke haɓakawa ko haɓaka sabbin nau'ikan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na nitrogen.Waɗannan samfuran na iya zama masu haɗin gwiwa a cikin lokaci, suna ƙara taimakawa masu haɓakawa da rage adadin takin da ake buƙata a fagen.Ba mu ga samfur ɗaya a kasuwa wanda zai iya maye gurbin 100% na takin CAN da ake amfani da shi a yau ko ma 50% na wannan al'amari.Zai zama haɗuwa da waɗannan fasahohin ci gaba waɗanda za su kai mu ga wannan hanya mai yuwuwar nan gaba.
Saboda haka, ina tsammanin muna a farkon, kuma wannan shine batun da ya kamata a yi, kuma wannan shine dalilin da ya sa nake son tambayar.
Na ambata shi a baya, amma zan sake jaddada cewa sauran ƙalubalen da muke gani akai-akai shine cewa masu farawa suna buƙatar ƙara duban gwaji a cikin mafi kyawun ayyukan ag na yanzu da yanayin muhalli.Idan ina da kwayoyin halitta kuma na fita gona, amma ba na gwada irin nau'in iri mafi kyau da manomi zai saya ba, ko kuma ba na gwada shi tare da maganin gwari da manomi zai fesa don rigakafin cututtuka ba, to da gaske na yi. Ban san yadda wannan samfurin zai iya yin aiki ba saboda maganin fungicides na iya samun dangantaka mai gaba da wannan bangaren nazarin halittu.Mun ga haka a baya.
Muna a farkon kwanakin gwada duk waɗannan, amma ina tsammanin muna ganin wasu wurare na haɗin gwiwa da adawa tsakanin samfurori.Muna koyo akan lokaci, wanda shine babban sashi game da wannan!
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Lokacin aikawa: Dec-12-2023