Ana iya raba sarkar masana'antu na kayayyakin kariya na shuka zuwa hanyoyi guda hudu: "kayan albarkatun kasa - tsaka-tsaki - magungunan asali - shirye-shirye".Upstream shine masana'antar mai / sinadarai, wanda ke ba da albarkatun ƙasa don samfuran kariyar shuka, galibi inorganic albarkatun albarkatun ƙasa kamar rawaya phosphorus da chlorine ruwa, da kayan albarkatun sinadarai na asali kamar methanol da “tribenzene”.
Masana'antar tsaka-tsaki galibi sun haɗa da tsaka-tsaki da magunguna masu aiki.Masu tsaka-tsaki sune tushen samar da kwayoyi masu aiki, kuma daban-daban kwayoyi masu aiki suna buƙatar tsaka-tsaki daban-daban a cikin tsarin samarwa, wanda za'a iya raba shi zuwa tsaka-tsakin da ke dauke da fluorine, cyano-dauke da tsaka-tsakin, da kuma heterocyclic.Maganin asali shine samfurin ƙarshe wanda ya ƙunshi sinadarai masu aiki da ƙazanta waɗanda aka samu a cikin aikin samar da magungunan kashe qwari.Dangane da abin da ake sarrafawa, ana iya raba shi zuwa maganin ciyawa, maganin kwari, fungicides da sauransu.
Masana'antu na ƙasa sun fi rufe samfuran magunguna.Saboda insoluble a cikin ruwa da kuma babban abun ciki na aiki sinadaran, mafi yawan aiki kwayoyi ba za a iya amfani da kai tsaye, bukatar ƙara dace Additives (kamar kaushi, emulsifiers, dispersants, da dai sauransu) sarrafa cikin daban-daban sashi siffofin, shafi. a fannin noma, dazuzzuka, kiwo, kiwon lafiya da sauran fannoni.
01Matsayin haɓaka kasuwar tsaka-tsakin magungunan kashe qwari a China
Maganin kashe qwariintermediates masana'antu ne a tsakiyar da magungunan kashe qwari masana'antu sarkar, multinational kamfanoni sarrafa gaban-karshen m pesticide bincike da kuma ci gaba da kuma tallace-tallace tashoshi na m shirye-shirye, mafi yawan tsaka-tsaki da kuma aiki jamiái zabi saya daga China, India da sauran ƙasashe, China. kuma Indiya sun zama manyan wuraren samar da magungunan kashe qwari da masu aiki a duniya.
Kamfanonin magungunan kashe qwari na kasar Sin ya samu raguwar saurin bunkasuwar tattalin arziki, inda aka samu karuwar matsakaicin kashi 1.4% a shekara daga shekarar 2014 zuwa 2023. Kamfanonin dake tsaka-tsakin magungunan kashe kwari na kasar Sin sun yi tasiri sosai kan manufar, kuma yawan karfin yin amfani da su ya ragu sosai.Matsakaicin magungunan kashe qwari da aka samar a kasar Sin na iya biyan bukatun masana'antar kashe kwari, amma har yanzu ana bukatar shigo da wasu tsaka-tsaki.Wasu daga cikinsu ana samar da su a kasar Sin, amma adadi ko ingancin ba zai iya cika bukatun samarwa ba;Har yanzu sauran sassan kasar Sin ba su iya samar da kayayyaki ba.
Tun daga shekarar 2017, bukatu na tsaka-tsakin magungunan kashe qwari a kasar Sin ya ragu sosai, kuma raguwar girman kasuwar bai kai raguwar bukatar ba.Musamman saboda aiwatar da ayyukan kashe kwari da takin gargajiya, an rage yawan amfani da magungunan kashe qwari da samar da danyen magunguna a kasar Sin sosai, haka ma an samu raguwar bukatar tsaka-tsakin magungunan kashe qwari.A lokaci guda kuma, abin da takunkumin kare muhalli ya shafa, farashin kasuwa na mafi yawan masu tsaka-tsakin magungunan kashe kwari ya tashi cikin sauri a cikin 2017, wanda ya sanya girman kasuwar masana'antu gabaɗaya ya tsaya tsayin daka, kuma farashin kasuwa a hankali ya faɗi daga 2018 zuwa 2019 yayin da kayayyaki ke komawa daidai.Bisa kididdigar da aka yi, ya zuwa shekarar 2022, girman matsakaicin kasuwar magungunan kashe kwari na kasar Sin ya kai yuan biliyan 68.78, kuma matsakaicin farashin kasuwa ya kai yuan 17,500/ton.
02Matsayin ci gaban kasuwar shirye-shiryen magungunan kashe qwari a kasar Sin
Rarraba ribar sarkar masana'antar magungunan kashe qwari yana gabatar da halayen "murmushin murmushi" : shirye-shiryen sun kai 50%, matsakaicin 20%, magunguna na asali 15%, sabis na 15%, da tallace-tallace na shirye-shiryen tashar su ne ainihin hanyar haɗin riba, suna mamaye cikakkiyar matsayi a cikin rabon ribar sarkar masana'antar gwari.Idan aka kwatanta da samar da magani na asali, wanda ke jaddada fasaha na roba da kuma kula da farashi, shirye-shiryen ya fi kusa da kasuwa mai iyaka, kuma ikon kasuwancin ya fi dacewa.
Baya ga binciken fasaha da haɓakawa, fannin shirye-shiryen kuma yana jaddada tashoshi da ƙirar ƙira, sabis na tallace-tallace, da ƙarin nau'ikan gasa iri-iri da ƙarin ƙima.Sakamakon aiwatar da ayyukan kashe kwari da takin gargajiya na kasar Sin, ya ci gaba da raguwa, lamarin da ya shafi girman kasuwa da saurin bunkasuwar masana'antu.A halin da ake ciki yanzu, raguwar bukatar kasar Sin ta haifar da fitacciyar matsalar karfin karfin aiki, lamarin da ya kara tsananta gasar kasuwa da kuma yin illa ga ribar kamfanoni da ci gaban masana'antu.
Yawan kayayyakin da kasar Sin ke fitarwa da kuma yawan shirye-shiryen maganin kashe kwari sun fi na shigo da kaya da yawa, wanda ke samar da rarar ciniki.Daga shekarar 2020 zuwa 2022, fitar da shirye-shiryen maganin kashe kwari da kasar Sin ke fitarwa zuwa kasashen waje zai daidaita, da daidaitawa da kuma inganta yadda ya kamata.A shekarar 2023, adadin da kasar Sin ta shigo da shi na shirye-shiryen maganin kashe kwari ya kai dalar Amurka miliyan 974, wanda ya karu da kashi 1.94 bisa dari a daidai wannan lokacin a bara, kuma manyan kasashen da ake shigo da su daga kasashen Indonesia da Japan da Jamus ne.Fitar da kayayyaki ya kai dala biliyan 8.087, ya ragu da kashi 27.21% a shekara, tare da manyan wuraren da ake fitarwa zuwa Brazil (18.3%), Australia da Amurka.Ana fitar da kashi 70-80% na magungunan kashe kwari da kasar Sin ke nomawa zuwa kasashen waje, ana kuma narkar da kididdigar da ake samu a kasuwannin duniya, sannan farashin kayayyakin gwari da aka fi sani da su ya ragu matuka, wanda shi ne babban dalilin da ya jawo raguwar adadin shirye-shiryen magungunan kashe qwari a kasashen waje. 2023.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-22-2024