Girman shuke-shukeretarder muhimmin abu ne a cikin tsarin shuka amfanin gona. Ta hanyar daidaita girman amfanin gona da haɓakar haihuwa, ana iya samun inganci mafi kyau da kuma yawan amfanin gona. Magungunan hana ci gaban shuka galibi sun haɗa da paclobutrazol, uniconazole, peptidomimetics, chlormethalin, da sauransu. A matsayin sabon nau'in maganin hana ci gaban shuka, sinadarin prohexadione calcium ya sami kulawa sosai a kasuwa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kuma adadin masu yin rijista ya karu da sauri. Sannan,paclobutrazol, niconazole, paroxamine, chlorhexidine, da kuma prohexadione calcium, menene bambance-bambancen da ake samu a kasuwa a cikin waɗannan samfuran?
(1) Sinadarin Prohexadione: Sabon nau'in sinadarin hana ci gaban tsirrai ne.
Aikinsa shine yana iya hana GA1 a cikin gibberellin, rage tsawon tsayin tsirrai, don haka yana sarrafa girman tsirrai. A lokaci guda, ba shi da wani tasiri ga GA4 wanda ke sarrafa bambance-bambancen furannin shuka da haɓakar hatsi.
An ƙaddamar da sinadarin calcium na Prohexadione a Japan a shekarar 1994 a matsayin maganin rage girman acyl cyclohexanedione. Gano sinadarin calcium na prohexadione ya bambanta da na gishirin ammonium na quaternary (chameleon, mepinium), triazoles (paclobutrazol, alkene). Magungunan rage girman shuka kamar oxazole) sun ƙirƙiri wani sabon fanni na hana gibberellin biosynthesis a ƙarshen lokaci, kuma an sayar da shi kuma ana amfani da shi sosai a Turai da Amurka. A halin yanzu, kamfanonin cikin gida suna damuwa da prohexadione-calcium, babban dalilin shine idan aka kwatanta da magungunan rage girman triazole, prohexadione-calcium ba shi da wani guba ga tsire-tsire masu juyawa, babu gurɓataccen muhalli, kuma yana da fa'ida mai ƙarfi. A nan gaba, yana iya maye gurbin magungunan rage girman triazole, kuma yana da fa'ida mai faɗi a fannoni kamar gonaki, bishiyoyin 'ya'yan itace, furanni, kayan maganin China da amfanin gona na tattalin arziki.
(2) Paclobutrazol: Yana hana gibberellic acid na tushen tsirrai. Yana da tasirin jinkirta girman shuka, hana tsawaita tsayin ganyen amfanin gona, rage girman internodes, haɓaka noma, ƙara juriya ga damuwa na shuka, haɓaka bambancin furanni da ƙara yawan amfanin gona. Paclobutrazol ya dace da amfanin gona kamar shinkafa, alkama, gyada, bishiyoyin 'ya'yan itace, waken soya, ciyawa, da sauransu, kuma yana da tasiri mai ban mamaki na sarrafa girma.
Illolin paclobutrazol: Yin amfani da shi fiye da kima na iya haifar da tsire-tsire masu tsayi, tushen da suka lalace, ganyen da suka lanƙwasa, furanni marasa kyau, zubar da tsoffin ganye a ƙasa da wuri, da kuma ƙananan ganyen da suka karkace da raguwa. Saboda tsawon lokacin da paclobutrazol ke amfani da shi, amfani da shi fiye da kima zai ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin ƙasa, kuma zai haifar da guba ga amfanin gona na gaba, wanda zai haifar da rashin shuka, fitowar latti, ƙarancin fitowar shuka, da nakasar shuka da sauran alamun cutar.
(3) Uniconazole: Hakanan yana hana gibberellin. Yana da ayyukan daidaita girma na shuke-shuke, rage ƙwayoyin cuta, tsire-tsire masu dwarfi, haɓaka girma na ganyen gefe da bambance-bambancen furanni, da kuma haɓaka juriya ga damuwa. Saboda haɗin carbon biyu na paclobutrazol, ayyukansa na halitta da tasirin magani sun ninka sau 6 zuwa 10 kuma sau 4 zuwa 10 ya fi na paclobutrazol, bi da bi, kuma ragowar adadin da ke cikin ƙasa kusan kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na paclobutrazol ne kawai, kuma ingancinsa. Yawan ruɓewa yana da sauri, kuma tasirin amfanin gona na gaba shine 1/5 kawai na paclobutrazol.
Illolin uniconazole: idan aka yi amfani da shi a allurai da yawa, zai haifar da guba ga tsirrai, yana haifar da ƙonewar shuke-shuke, bushewa, rashin girma sosai, nakasar ganye, faɗuwar ganye, faɗuwar furanni, faɗuwar 'ya'yan itatuwa, lokacin da suka girma, da sauransu, da kuma amfani da shi a matakin shukar kayan lambu zai kuma shafi girman shuka. Hakanan yana da guba ga kamun kifi kuma bai dace da amfani da shi a tafkunan kifi da sauran gonakin dabbobin ruwa ba.
(4) Peptidamine (Mepinium): Yana hana gibberellin. Yana iya haɓaka haɗakar chlorophyll, shukar tana da ƙarfi, ana iya sha ta cikin ganyayyaki da saiwoyin shukar, kuma ana iya watsa ta zuwa ga dukkan shukar, ta haka yana hana tsawaita ƙwayoyin halitta da rinjayen apical, kuma yana iya rage internodes da kuma sa nau'in shukar ta yi laushi. Yana iya jinkirta girman shukar, hana shukar bunƙasa, da kuma jinkirta rufewa. Peptamine na iya inganta kwanciyar hankali na membranes na tantanin halitta da kuma ƙara juriya ga damuwa na shuka. Idan aka kwatanta da paclobutrazol da uniconazole, yana da sifofin magani masu sauƙi, babu ƙaiƙayi, kuma yana da aminci mafi girma. Ana iya amfani da shi a duk lokutan amfanin gona, har ma a lokacin shuka da lokacin fure lokacin da amfanin gona ke da matukar saurin kamuwa da magunguna. , kuma ba shi da illa ga lafiya.
(5) Chlormetrodin: Yana cimma tasirin sarrafa yawan aiki ta hanyar hana haɗa gibberellin na ciki. Chlormetrodin yana da tasiri mai kyau akan girman shuka, yana daidaita girman shuke-shuke da girman haihuwa, yana inganta yawan fure da saita 'ya'yan itace, kuma yana ƙara yawan amfanin gona. Yana jinkirta tsawaita ƙwayoyin halitta, tsire-tsire masu tsayi, tushe masu ƙarfi, da kuma rage girman internodes.
Sabanin paclobutrazol da mepiperonium, ana amfani da paclobutrazol sau da yawa a matakin shuka da kuma sabon matakin shuka, kuma yana da tasiri mai kyau ga gyada, amma tasirinsa ga amfanin gona na kaka da hunturu gabaɗaya ne; A kan amfanin gona na ɗan gajeren lokaci, rashin amfani da chlormethalin ba daidai ba sau da yawa zai haifar da raguwar amfanin gona kuma yana da wahalar rage gubar phytotoxicity; mepiperinium yana da ɗan sauƙi, kuma ana iya rage shi ta hanyar fesa gibberellin ko shayar da shi don ƙara yawan haihuwa bayan gubar phytotoxicity.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuli-19-2022