Bayan barkewar yakin Rasha da Ukraine, hauhawar farashin abinci a duniya ya haifar da tasiri ga tsaron abinci a duniya, wanda hakan ya sa duniya ta fahimci cewa tushen tsaron abinci matsala ce ta zaman lafiya da ci gaba a duniya.
A shekarar 2023/24, sakamakon hauhawar farashin kayayyakin noma a duniya, jimillar yawan hatsi da waken soya a duniya ya sake kai kololuwa, wanda hakan ya sa farashin nau'ikan abinci daban-daban a kasashe masu tasowa a kasuwa bayan da aka lissafa sabbin hatsi a matsayin wadanda suka fadi sosai. Duk da haka, saboda hauhawar farashin da babban kudin Amurka ya haifar a Asiya, farashin shinkafa a kasuwar duniya ya tashi sosai har ya kai matsayi mafi girma domin dakile hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a cikin gida da kuma sarrafa fitar da shinkafa a Indiya.
Kula da kasuwa a China, Indiya, da Rasha ya shafi ci gaban samar da abinci a shekarar 2024, amma gabaɗaya, samar da abinci a duniya a shekarar 2024 yana kan babban mataki.
Ya cancanci a ba shi kulawa sosai, farashin zinare na duniya yana ci gaba da kaiwa matsayi mafi girma, raguwar darajar kuɗaɗen duniya cikin sauri, farashin abinci na duniya yana ƙaruwa, da zarar an samu gibin samarwa da buƙata ta shekara-shekara, babban farashin abinci na iya sake kaiwa matsayi mafi girma, don haka buƙatar da ake da ita a yanzu ita ce a mai da hankali sosai kan samar da abinci, don hana aukuwar girgiza.
Noman hatsi na duniya
A shekarar 2023/24, yankin hatsi na duniya zai kasance hekta miliyan 75.6, wanda ya karu da kashi 0.38% idan aka kwatanta da shekarar da ta gabata. Jimillar amfanin gona da aka samu ya kai tan biliyan 3.234, kuma yawan amfanin gona da aka samu a kowace hekta ya kai kilogiram 4,277 a kowace hekta, wanda ya karu da kashi 2.86% da kuma kashi 3.26% idan aka kwatanta da shekarar da ta gabata. (Jimillar amfanin gona da aka samu a kowace hekta ya kai tan biliyan 2.989, wanda ya karu da kashi 3.63% idan aka kwatanta da shekarar da ta gabata.)
A shekarar 2023/24, yanayin yanayin noma a Asiya, Turai da Amurka gabaɗaya yana da kyau, kuma hauhawar farashin abinci yana taimakawa wajen inganta sha'awar manoma wajen shuka amfanin gona, wanda ke kawo ƙaruwar yawan amfanin gona da kuma yankin amfanin gona na duniya.
Daga cikinsu, yankin da aka shuka alkama, masara da shinkafa a shekarar 2023/24 ya kasance hekta miliyan 601.5, ƙasa da kashi 0.56% idan aka kwatanta da shekarar da ta gabata; Jimillar amfanin gona ya kai tan biliyan 2.79, karuwar kashi 1.71%; Yawan amfanin gona a kowace yanki ya kai kilogiram 4638/ha, karuwar kashi 2.28% idan aka kwatanta da shekarar da ta gabata.
Noma a Turai da Kudancin Amurka ya farfado bayan fari a shekarar 2022; Raguwar noman shinkafa a Kudu da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya ya yi mummunan tasiri ga ƙasashe masu tasowa.
Farashin abinci na duniya
A watan Fabrairun 2024, ma'aunin farashin hada-hadar abinci na duniya * ya kasance dala Amurka $353 / tan, ya ragu da kashi 2.70% na wata-wata da kuma kashi 13.55% na shekara-shekara; A watan Janairu-Fabrairu na 2024, matsakaicin farashin hada-hadar abinci na duniya ya kasance $357 / tan, ya ragu da kashi 12.39% na shekara-shekara.
Tun daga sabuwar shekarar amfanin gona (wanda ya fara a watan Mayu), farashin abinci mai cikakken inganci a duniya ya ragu, kuma matsakaicin farashin hada-hadar amfanin gona daga watan Mayu zuwa Fabrairu ya kai dala 370 a kowace tan, wanda ya ragu da kashi 11.97% a kowace shekara. Daga cikinsu, matsakaicin farashin hada-hadar alkama, masara da shinkafa a watan Fabrairu ya kai dala 353 a kowace tan, ya ragu da kashi 2.19% a wata da kashi 12.0% a shekara; Matsakaicin darajar a watan Janairu-Fabrairu na 2024 ya kai dala 357 a kowace tan, ya ragu da kashi 12.15% a shekara; Matsakaicin shekarar amfanin gona daga watan Mayu zuwa Fabrairu ya kai dala 365 a kowace tan, ya ragu da dala 365 a kowace tan a shekara.
Jimillar farashin hatsi da kuma farashin manyan hatsi guda uku sun ragu sosai a cikin sabuwar shekarar amfanin gona, wanda ke nuna cewa yanayin wadatar abinci a cikin sabuwar shekarar amfanin gona ya inganta. Farashin yanzu gabaɗaya ya faɗi zuwa matakin da aka gani a ƙarshe a watan Yuli da Agusta 2020, kuma ci gaba da raguwar yanayin zai iya yin mummunan tasiri ga samar da abinci a duniya a Sabuwar Shekara.
Daidaiton wadatar hatsi da buƙatun duniya
A shekarar 2023/24, jimillar hatsin da shinkafa ta samu bayan shinkafa ya kai tan biliyan 2.989, wanda ya karu da kashi 3.63% idan aka kwatanta da shekarar da ta gabata, kuma karuwar yawan amfanin da aka samu ya sa farashin ya fadi sosai.
Ana sa ran jimillar yawan al'ummar duniya zai kai biliyan 8.026, wanda ya karu da kashi 1.04% idan aka kwatanta da shekarar da ta gabata, kuma karuwar samar da abinci da wadata ta zarce karuwar yawan al'ummar duniya. Yawan amfani da hatsi a duniya ya kai tan biliyan 2.981, kuma adadin hannun jarin da ke karewa a shekara ya kai tan miliyan 752, tare da ma'aunin tsaro na kashi 25.7%.
Yawan amfanin gona ga kowane mutum ya kai kilogiram 372.4, wanda ya fi na shekarar da ta gabata da kashi 1.15%. Dangane da amfani, yawan abincin da ake ci shine kilogiram 157.8, yawan abincin da ake ci shine kilogiram 136.8, sauran kuma shine kilogiram 76.9, kuma jimillar amfani shine kilogiram 371.5. Kilogiram. Faduwar farashi zai haifar da karuwar sauran amfani, wanda zai hana farashin ci gaba da faduwa a lokacin da aka kayyade.
Hasashen Samar da Hatsi na Duniya
A bisa ga lissafin farashi na duniya baki ɗaya, yankin da aka shuka hatsi a duniya a shekarar 2024 shine hekta miliyan 760, yawan amfanin gona a kowace hekta shine kilogiram 4,393 a kowace hekta, kuma jimillar amfanin gona a duniya shine tan miliyan 3,337. Yawan amfanin gona na shinkafa shine tan biliyan 3.09, karuwar kashi 3.40% idan aka kwatanta da shekarar da ta gabata.
Dangane da yanayin ci gaban yankin da yawan amfanin gona a kowace yanki na manyan ƙasashen duniya, nan da shekarar 2030, yankin da ake shuka hatsi a duniya zai kai kimanin hekta miliyan 760, yawan amfanin gona a kowace yanki zai kai kilogiram 4,748 a kowace hekta, kuma jimillar yawan amfanin gona a duniya zai kai tan biliyan 3.664, ƙasa da lokacin da ya gabata. Rage ci gaba a China, Indiya da Turai ya haifar da ƙarancin kimanta yawan amfanin gona a duniya ta kowace yanki.
Nan da shekarar 2030, Indiya, Brazil, Amurka da China za su zama manyan masu samar da abinci a duniya. A shekarar 2035, ana sa ran yankin da ake noma hatsi a duniya zai kai hekta miliyan 789, tare da samun amfanin gona na kilogiram 5,318 a kowace hekta, da kuma jimillar yawan amfanin gona a duniya na tan biliyan 4.194.
Daga halin da ake ciki a yanzu, babu ƙarancin filayen noma a duniya, amma haɓakar yawan amfanin gona a kowace naúrar yana da jinkiri, wanda ke buƙatar kulawa sosai. Ƙarfafa haɓaka muhalli, gina tsarin gudanarwa mai ma'ana, da kuma haɓaka amfani da kimiyya da fasaha ta zamani a fannin noma yana ƙayyade makomar wadatar abinci a duniya.
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-08-2024