RALEIGH, NC — Samar da kaji ya kasance babban abin da ke haifar da ci gaban masana'antar noma ta jihar,amma wani kwari yana barazana ga wannan muhimmin fanni.
Ƙungiyar Kaji ta North Carolina ta ce ita ce babbar kadarori a jihar, tana ba da gudummawar kusan dala biliyan 40 a kowace shekara ga tattalin arzikin jihar.
Duk da haka, kwari suna barazana ga wannan muhimmin masana'antu, wanda ke tilasta wa manoma su yi amfani da hanyoyin magance kwari masu guba, wanda zai iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam.
Yanzu tallafin kuɗi na ƙasa yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin sabon bincike wanda ke alƙawarin nemo mafi kyawun mafita.
Kwantena na roba a Jami'ar Jihar Fayetteville gida ne ga ƙananan kwari waɗanda ke kawo cikas ga masana'antar da ta kai biliyoyin daloli.
Masu bincike suna nazarin tarin ƙwaro masu duhu don samun fahimtar kwari da ke matsa lamba ga masana'antar kaji.
Waɗannan kwari suna sha'awar abincin kaji kuma suna hayayyafa da sauri, suna yin ƙwai a ko'ina cikin gidan, sannan su ƙyanƙyashe su zama tsutsotsi.
A tsawon watanni da dama, suna canzawa zuwa 'yan jaki sannan su zama manya waɗanda ke manne da tsuntsaye.
"Sau da yawa suna samun kaji, kuma kwari suna manne musu. Haka ne, suna cin kaji," in ji Shirley Zhao, farfesa a fannin ilmin halittu a Jami'ar Jihar Fayetteville.
Zhao ya lura cewa tsuntsaye na iya ɗaukar su a matsayin abun ciye-ciye, amma cin waɗannan kwari da yawa na iya haifar da wata matsala.
"Akwai wani yanki da ake kira amfanin gona, wani nau'in ciki, inda suke adana abinci," in ji ta. "Akwai kwari da yawa a ciki har ba su da isasshen abubuwan gina jiki."
Manoma sun fara amfani da magungunan kashe kwari don kashe kwari, amma ba za a iya amfani da su kusa da tsuntsaye ba, wanda hakan ya takaita ikon manoma na sarrafa kwari.
"Shafawa ga waɗannan da sauran sinadarai na iya yin babban tasiri ga lafiyarmu," in ji Kendall Wimberly, manajan manufofi na North Carolina Ba tare da Drug-Free ba.
Wimberly ta ce illolin da waɗannan magungunan kashe kwari ke haifarwa sun fi yawa a bangon gidajen kaji, yayin da kwararar ruwa daga waɗannan gonakin ke ƙarewa a cikin koguna da rafuffukanmu.
"Abubuwan da ake amfani da su a gidajen kaji ko ma gidaje wani lokacin suna ƙarewa a hanyoyin ruwanmu," in ji Wimberly. "Idan suka dage a cikin muhalli, suna haifar da matsaloli na gaske."
"Suna kai hari ga tsarin jijiyoyi, don haka suna kai hari musamman," in ji Chao. "Matsalar ita ce tsarin jijiyoyin kwari a zahiri yayi kama da namu."
"Suna buƙatar nemo hanyar ƙara yawan kwari da suke kula da su," in ji Zhao. "(Ɗaya daga cikin ɗalibi) yana son ya ba su wiwi. Bayan 'yan watanni, mun gano cewa duk sun mutu. Ba su taɓa yin girma ba."
Chao ya sami tallafin NCInnovation na dala miliyan 1.1 don mataki na gaba na bincikensa: nazarin filin.
Ta riga ta yi tattaunawa da kamfanoni kamar Tyson da Perdue, waɗanda suka nuna sha'awar amfani da maganin kwari idan ya tabbatar da inganci kuma Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta amince da shi. Ta ce wannan tsari ba zai yiwu ba tare da gwamnati ta saka hannun jari a bincikenta ba.
"Ban san adadin ƙananan kamfanoni da za su yarda su kashe dala miliyan 10 don yin rijistar maganin kwari ba," in ji ta.
Duk da cewa har yanzu yana iya ɗaukar shekaru da yawa kafin ya shigo kasuwa, Wimberly ya ce wannan ci gaba ne mai ƙarfafa gwiwa.
"Muna fatan ganin hanyoyin da suka fi aminci fiye da magungunan kashe kwari masu guba," in ji Wimberly.
Zhao da tawagarta suna shirin gina rumbun adana kaji da gidan gasa kaji a karkarar North Carolina don fara gwajin maganin kwari a gonakinsu.
Idan waɗannan gwaje-gwajen sun yi nasara, dole ne a yi gwajin guba kafin a yi rijista da EPA.
Lokacin Saƙo: Oktoba-13-2025