Sabbin gidajen maganin kwari masu aiki biyu suna ba da bege a yaƙi da cutar malaria a Afirka

Maganin kwari-gidajen sauro masu magani (ITNs) sun zama ginshiƙin ƙoƙarin rigakafin cutar maleriya a cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata, kuma amfani da su yaɗuwa ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen hana cutar da kuma ceton rayuka. Tun daga shekarar 2000, ƙoƙarin shawo kan cutar maleriya a duniya, ciki har da ta hanyar kamfen ɗin ITN, ya hana kamuwa da cutar maleriya sama da biliyan 2 da kuma mutuwar kusan miliyan 13.
Duk da wani ci gaba da aka samu, sauro masu yaɗa cutar maleriya a wurare da dama sun sami juriya ga magungunan kwari da ake amfani da su a gidajen sauro masu maganin kwari, musamman pyrethroids, wanda hakan ya rage tasirinsu da kuma kawo cikas ga ci gaban rigakafin maleriya. Wannan barazanar da ke ƙaruwa ta sa masu bincike su hanzarta haɓaka sabbin gidajen sauro waɗanda ke ba da kariya mai ɗorewa daga maleriya.
A shekarar 2017, WHO ta ba da shawarar gidan sauro na farko da aka yi wa maganin kwari wanda aka tsara don ya fi tasiri ga sauro masu jure wa pyrethroid. Duk da cewa wannan muhimmin mataki ne na ci gaba, ana buƙatar ƙarin kirkire-kirkire don haɓaka gidajen sauro masu jure wa kwari masu aiki biyu, kimanta ingancinsu akan sauro masu jure wa kwari da tasirinsu akan yaɗuwar cutar malaria, da kuma tantance ingancinsu.
An buga shi kafin Ranar Zazzabin Maleriya ta Duniya ta 2025, wannan hoton yana nuna bincike, haɓakawa da kuma tura gidajen sauro masu maganin kwari biyu (DINETs) - sakamakon shekaru na haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ƙasashe, al'ummomi, masana'antun, masu ba da kuɗi da kuma abokan hulɗa na duniya, yanki da na ƙasa.
A shekarar 2018, Unitaid da Asusun Duniya sun ƙaddamar da aikin New Nets, wanda ƙungiyar Coalition for Innovative Vector Control ke jagoranta tare da haɗin gwiwa da shirye-shiryen zazzabin cizon sauro na ƙasa da sauran abokan hulɗa, ciki har da Shirin Shugaban Amurka na Malaria, Gidauniyar Bill & Melinda Gates da MedAccess, don tallafawa samar da shaida da kuma ayyukan gwaji don hanzarta sauyawa zuwa gidajen sauro masu maganin kwari biyu a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara don magance juriyar pyrethroid.
An fara shigar da hanyoyin sadarwar a Burkina Faso a shekarar 2019, sannan a shekarun baya a Benin, Mozambique, Rwanda da kuma Jamhuriyar Tanzania domin gwada yadda hanyoyin sadarwar ke aiki a yanayi daban-daban.
Nan da karshen shekarar 2022, aikin New Mosquito Nets, tare da hadin gwiwar Asusun Duniya da kuma Shirin Shugaban Amurka na Zazzabin Maleriya, zai sanya gidajen sauro sama da miliyan 56 a kasashe 17 a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara inda aka samu rahotannin rashin ingancin maganin kwari.
Gwaje-gwajen asibiti da kuma binciken gwaji sun nuna cewa gidajen sauro masu dauke da magungunan kashe kwari masu aiki biyu suna inganta yawan maganin zazzabin cizon sauro da kashi 20-50% idan aka kwatanta da gidajen sauro na yau da kullun da ke dauke da pyrethrins kawai. Bugu da ƙari, gwaje-gwajen asibiti a Jamhuriyar Tanzaniya da Benin sun nuna cewa gidajen sauro masu dauke da pyrethrins da chlorfenapyr suna rage yawan kamuwa da cutar zazzabin cizon sauro a cikin yara 'yan watanni 6 zuwa shekaru 10.
Ƙara yawan amfani da gidajen sauro na zamani, alluran rigakafi da sauran fasahohin zamani zai buƙaci ci gaba da saka hannun jari a shirye-shiryen yaƙi da cutar malaria, gami da tabbatar da sake cika Asusun Duniya da Gavi Vaccine Alliance.
Baya ga sabbin gidajen sauro, masu bincike suna haɓaka nau'ikan kayan aikin sarrafa ƙwayoyin cuta iri-iri, kamar su magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta na sararin samaniya, kayan farautar gida masu kisa (bututun labule), da kuma sauro da aka ƙera ta hanyar halitta.