Ciwon sauro da cututtukan da ke haifar da sauro matsala ce da ke kara ta'azzara a duniya. Ana iya amfani da tsantsar tsiro da/ko mai azaman madadin magungunan kashe qwari. A cikin wannan binciken, an gwada mai 32 (a 1000 ppm) don ayyukansu na larvicidal akan instar Culex pipiens larvae na huɗu kuma an tantance mafi kyawun mai don ayyukansu na manya kuma an bincika ta hanyar iskar gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) da chromatography na ruwa mai girma (HPLC).
Sauro wani netsohon kwaro,sannan cututtukan da sauro ke haifarwa na kara zama barazana ga lafiyar duniya, wanda ke barazana fiye da kashi 40% na al'ummar duniya. An yi kiyasin cewa nan da shekara ta 2050, kusan rabin al'ummar duniya za su kasance cikin hadarin kamuwa da kwayar cutar sauro. 1 Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) sauro ne da ke yaɗuwa wanda ke watsa cututtuka masu haɗari waɗanda ke haifar da rashin lafiya mai tsanani kuma wani lokacin mutuwa ga mutane da dabbobi.
Kulawa da vector ita ce hanya ta farko na rage damuwar jama'a game da cututtukan da ke haifar da sauro. Sarrafa duka manya da sauro tsutsa tare da magunguna da magungunan kashe kwari shine hanya mafi inganci don rage cizon sauro. Yin amfani da magungunan kashe qwari na roba na iya haifar da juriya ga magungunan kashe qwari, gurɓatar muhalli, da haɗarin lafiya ga mutane da ƙwayoyin da ba su da manufa.
Akwai buƙatar gaggawa don nemo hanyoyin da za su dace da yanayin muhalli zuwa abubuwan da suka dogara da shuka irin su mai (EOs). Essential mai abubuwa ne maras tabbas da ake samu a yawancin dangin shuka kamar Asteraceae, Rutaceae, Myrtaceae, Lauraceae, Lamiaceae, Apiaceae, Piperaceae, Poaceae, Zingiberaceae, da Cupressaceae14. Mahimman mai sun ƙunshi hadadden cakuda mahadi irin su phenols, sesquiterpenes, da monoterpenes15.
Mahimman mai suna da maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta, antiviral da antifungal Properties. Har ila yau, suna da kaddarorin kwari kuma suna iya haifar da tasirin neurotoxic ta hanyar tsoma baki tare da ayyukan physiological, na rayuwa, halayya da biochemical na kwari lokacin da aka shayar da mai mai mahimmanci, cinyewa ko sha ta cikin fata16. Ana iya amfani da mai mahimmanci azaman maganin kashe kwari, larvicides, masu takurawa da maganin kwari. Ba su da ɗanɗano mai guba, ƙwayoyin cuta kuma suna iya shawo kan juriyar kwari.
Man fetur masu mahimmanci suna ƙara shahara tsakanin masu samar da kwayoyin halitta da masu amfani da muhalli kuma sun dace da yankunan birane, gidaje da sauran wurare masu mahimmanci.
An tattauna rawar da muhimmanci mai wajen magance sauro15,19. Manufar wannan binciken shine don tantancewa da kimanta ƙimar larvicidal mai ƙima na 32 mahimman mai da kuma nazarin ayyukan adenocidal da phytochemicals na mafi inganci mahimman mai akan Culex pipiens.
A cikin wannan binciken, An. graveolens da V. odorata mai an gano sun fi tasiri akan manya, sannan T. vulgaris da N. sativa. Sakamakon binciken ya nuna cewa Anopheles vulgare ne mai karfi larvicide. Hakazalika, mai zai iya sarrafa Anopheles atroparvus, Culex quinquefasciatus da Aedes aegypti. Kodayake Anopheles vulgaris ya nuna tasirin larvicide a cikin wannan binciken, shine mafi ƙarancin tasiri akan manya. Ya bambanta, yana da abubuwan adenocidal akan Cx. quinquefasciatus.
Bayananmu sun nuna cewa Anopheles sinensis yana da tasiri sosai a matsayin mai kashe tsutsa amma ba shi da tasiri a matsayin babban kisa. Sabanin haka, sinadarai masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na Anopheles sinensis sun kasance masu tayar da hankali ga duka tsutsa da kuma manya na Culex pipiens, tare da kariya mafi girma (100%) daga cizon sauro na mata da ba a ba da abinci ba a kashi na 6 mg / cm2. Bugu da ƙari, tsantsar ganyen sa ya kuma nuna ayyukan larvicidal akan Anopheles arabiensis da Anopheles gambiae (ss).
A cikin wannan binciken, thyme (An. graveolens) ya nuna ƙarfin larvicidal da aikin manya. Hakazalika, thyme ya nuna aikin larvicidal akan Cx. quinquefasciatus28 da Aedes aegypti29. Thyme ya nuna aikin larvicidal akan Culex pipiens larvae a 200 ppm maida hankali tare da 100% mace-mace yayin da LC25 da LC50 dabi'u ba su nuna wani tasiri a kan aikin acetylcholinesterase (AChE) da kuma kunna tsarin detoxification, ƙara yawan aikin GST da rage GSH abun ciki da 30%.
Wasu daga cikin mahimman mai da aka yi amfani da su a cikin wannan binciken sun nuna irin wannan aikin larvicidal akan Culex pipiens larvae kamar N. sativa32,33 da S. officinalis34. Wasu mahimman mai irin su T. vulgaris, S. officinalis, C. sempervirens da A. graveolens sun nuna aikin larvicidal akan tsutsa sauro tare da ƙimar LC90 ƙasa da 200-300 ppm. Wannan sakamakon na iya zama saboda dalilai da yawa ciki har da cewa adadin manyan abubuwan da ke tattare da shi ya bambanta dangane da asalin man kayan lambu, ingancin mai, ji na nau'in da aka yi amfani da shi, yanayin ajiyar man fetur da kuma yanayin fasaha.
A cikin wannan binciken, turmeric bai kasance mai tasiri ba, amma abubuwan 27 nasa irin su curcumin da monocarbonyl derivatives na curcumin sun nuna aikin larvicidal akan Culex pipiens da Aedes albopictus43, da hexane tsantsa na turmeric a wani taro na 1000 ppm na 24 hours44 har yanzu ya nuna 100% na aiki da Culex pipiens.
An ba da rahoton irin wannan tasirin larvicidal don tsantsa hexane na Rosemary (80 da 160 ppm), wanda ya rage yawan mace-mace da 100% a cikin 3rd da 4th mataki Culex pipiens larvae da ƙara yawan guba ta 50% a cikin pupae da manya.
Binciken phytochemical a cikin wannan binciken ya bayyana manyan abubuwan da ke aiki na mai da aka bincika. Koren shayi yana da matukar tasiri larvicide kuma ya ƙunshi babban adadin polyphenols tare da aikin antioxidant, kamar yadda aka samo a cikin wannan binciken. An samu irin wannan sakamako59. Bayanan da muka samu sun nuna cewa man shayin koren shayi kuma yana dauke da polyphenols kamar su gallic acid, catechins, methyl gallate, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, naringenin, da kaempferol, wadanda zasu iya taimakawa wajen maganin kwari.
Binciken biochemical ya nuna cewa Rhodiola rosea mahimmancin mai yana shafar tanadin makamashi, musamman sunadaran da lipids30. Rashin daidaituwa tsakanin sakamakonmu da na sauran karatun na iya zama saboda aikin ilimin halitta da kuma sinadaran sinadaran mai mai mahimmanci, wanda zai iya bambanta dangane da shekarun shuka, tsarin nama, asalin yanki, sassan da aka yi amfani da su a cikin tsarin distillation, nau'in distillation, da cultivar. Don haka, nau'in da abun ciki na kayan aiki masu aiki a cikin kowane mahimmancin mai na iya haifar da bambance-bambance a cikin yuwuwar rigakafin cutar su16.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-13-2025