Sauro da cututtukan da sauro ke haifarwa matsala ce da ke ƙara ta'azzara a duniya. Ana iya amfani da ruwan da aka samo daga tsirrai da/ko mai a matsayin madadin magungunan kashe kwari na roba. A cikin wannan binciken, an gwada mai 32 (a 1000 ppm) don aikin kashe tsutsotsi a kan tsutsotsin Culex pipiens na huɗu kuma an tantance mafi kyawun mai don aikin kashe tsutsotsi na manya kuma an yi nazari a kansu ta hanyar amfani da gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) da high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Sauro wani abu ne daƙwari na da,da kuma cututtukan da sauro ke yadawa suna kara barazana ga lafiyar duniya, suna barazana ga sama da kashi 40% na al'ummar duniya. An kiyasta cewa nan da shekarar 2050, kusan rabin al'ummar duniya za su fuskanci barazanar kamuwa da cututtukan da sauro ke yadawa. 1 Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) sauro ne da ke yaɗuwa wanda ke yada cututtuka masu haɗari waɗanda ke haifar da rashin lafiya mai tsanani kuma wani lokacin mutuwa ga mutane da dabbobi.
Kula da ƙwayoyin cuta ita ce babbar hanyar rage damuwar jama'a game da cututtukan da sauro ke ɗauka. Kula da sauro manya da tsutsotsi ta hanyar amfani da magungunan kashe kwari da magungunan kashe kwari ita ce hanya mafi inganci don rage cizon sauro. Amfani da magungunan kashe kwari na roba na iya haifar da juriya ga magungunan kashe kwari, gurɓatar muhalli, da kuma haɗarin lafiya ga mutane da halittu marasa manufa.
Akwai buƙatar gaggawa a nemo madadin sinadarai masu dacewa da muhalli ga tsirrai kamar man fetur mai mahimmanci (EOs). Man fetur mai mahimmanci abubuwa ne masu canzawa da ake samu a cikin iyalai da yawa na shuka kamar Asteraceae, Rutaceae, Myrtaceae, Lauraceae, Lamiaceae, Apiaceae, Piperaceae, Poaceae, Zingiberaceae, da Cupressaceae14. Man fetur mai mahimmanci yana ɗauke da cakuda hadaddun mahadi kamar phenols, sesquiterpenes, da monoterpenes15.
Man shafawa mai mahimmanci yana da kaddarorin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma na fungal. Suna kuma da kaddarorin kashe kwari kuma suna iya haifar da tasirin guba ta hanyar tsoma baki ga ayyukan jiki, metabolism, ɗabi'a da biochemical na kwari lokacin da aka shaƙa, aka shaƙa ko aka shaƙa ta fata16. Ana iya amfani da man shafawa mai mahimmanci azaman maganin kwari, tsutsotsi, magungunan kashe kwari da kuma magungunan kashe kwari. Ba su da guba sosai, ba sa lalacewa kuma suna iya shawo kan juriyar kwari.
Man fetur mai mahimmanci yana ƙara shahara tsakanin masu samar da sinadarai da masu amfani da shi waɗanda suka san muhalli kuma sun dace da birane, gidaje da sauran wurare masu haɗari ga muhalli.
An tattauna rawar da mai mai mahimmanci ke takawa wajen shawo kan sauro15,19. Manufar wannan binciken ita ce a tantance tare da tantance ƙimar kashe ƙurji na mai mai mahimmanci 32 da kuma nazarin ayyukan adenocidal da phytochemicals na mafi ingancin mai mai mahimmanci akan Culex pipiens.
A cikin wannan binciken, an gano cewa man An. graveolens da V. odorata sun fi tasiri a kan manya, sai kuma T. vulgaris da N. sativa. Sakamakon binciken ya nuna cewa Anopheles vulgare yana da ƙarfi a kan larvicide. Hakazalika, man sa yana iya sarrafa Anopheles atroparvus, Culex quinquefasciatus da Aedes aegypti. Duk da cewa Anopheles vulgaris ya nuna ingancin larvicide a cikin wannan binciken, amma bai yi tasiri sosai a kan manya ba. Akasin haka, yana da kaddarorin adenocidal akan Cx. quinquefasciatus.
Bayananmu sun nuna cewa Anopheles sinensis yana da tasiri sosai a matsayin mai kashe tsutsa amma bai yi tasiri sosai a matsayin mai kashe tsutsa ba a matsayin babban mai kisan. Sabanin haka, sinadaran da aka samo daga Anopheles sinensis sun kasance masu hana tsutsa da manya Culex pipiens, tare da mafi girman kariya (100%) daga cizon sauro na mace wanda ba a ciyar da shi ba a kashi 6 mg/cm2. Bugu da ƙari, cirewar ganyensa kuma ya nuna aikin kashe tsutsa akan Anopheles arabiensis da Anopheles gambiae (ss).
A cikin wannan binciken, thyme (An. graveolens) ya nuna ƙarfin aikin kashe ƙwari da kuma kashe ƙwari a manya. Hakazalika, thyme ya nuna ƙarfin aikin kashe ƙwari a kan Cx. quinquefasciatus28 da Aedes aegypti29. Thyme ya nuna ƙarfin aikin kashe ƙwari a kan tsutsar Culex pipiens a yawan ppm 200 tare da mace-mace 100% yayin da ƙimar LC25 da LC50 ba su nuna wani tasiri ba akan aikin acetylcholinesterase (AChE) da kunna tsarin cire ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙara yawan aikin GST da raguwar yawan GSH da kashi 30%.
Wasu daga cikin man shafawa masu mahimmanci da aka yi amfani da su a cikin wannan binciken sun nuna irin wannan aikin kashe ƙwari a kan ƙwari na Culex pipiens kamar N. sativa32,33 da S. officinalis34. Wasu man shafawa masu mahimmanci kamar T. vulgaris, S. officinalis, C. sempervirens da A. graveolens sun nuna aikin kashe ƙwari a kan ƙwari sauro tare da ƙimar LC90 ƙasa da 200-300 ppm. Wannan sakamakon na iya kasancewa saboda dalilai da yawa, ciki har da cewa kashi na manyan abubuwan da ke cikinsa ya bambanta dangane da asalin man kayan lambu, ingancin man, yanayin da ake amfani da shi, yanayin ajiya na man da yanayin fasaha.
A cikin wannan binciken, turmeric bai yi tasiri sosai ba, amma abubuwan da ke cikinsa guda 27 kamar curcumin da monocarbonyl na curcumin sun nuna tasirin kashe ƙurji akan Culex pipiens da Aedes albopictus43, kuma sinadarin hexane na turmeric a yawan 1000 ppm na tsawon awanni 2444 har yanzu ya nuna tasirin kashe ƙurji 100% akan Culex pipiens da Aedes albopictus.
An ruwaito irin wannan tasirin kashe tsutsotsi ga ruwan hexane na rosemary (80 da 160 ppm), wanda ya rage mace-mace da kashi 100% a cikin tsutsotsin Culex pipiens na mataki na 3 da na 4 kuma ya ƙara yawan guba da kashi 50% a cikin tsutsotsin da manya.
Binciken sinadarai a cikin wannan binciken ya nuna manyan abubuwan da ke aiki a cikin man da aka yi nazari a kansu. Man shayin kore yana da tasiri sosai a kan larvicide kuma yana ɗauke da adadi mai yawa na polyphenols tare da aikin antioxidant, kamar yadda aka samu a cikin wannan binciken. An sami irin wannan sakamako59. Bayananmu sun nuna cewa man shayin kore yana ɗauke da polyphenols kamar gallic acid, catechins, methyl gallate, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, naringenin, da kaempferol, waɗanda za su iya ba da gudummawa ga tasirinsa na kashe kwari.
Binciken sinadarai ya nuna cewa man fetur mai mahimmanci na Rhodiola rosea yana shafar ajiyar makamashi, musamman sunadarai da lipids30. Bambancin da ke tsakanin sakamakonmu da na wasu nazarin na iya kasancewa saboda aikin halittu da sinadaran sinadarai na mai mai mahimmanci, wanda zai iya bambanta dangane da shekarun shukar, tsarin nama, asalin ƙasa, sassan da ake amfani da su a cikin tsarin distillation, nau'in distillation, da nau'in cultivar. Don haka, nau'in da abun ciki na sinadaran aiki a cikin kowane mai mai mahimmanci na iya haifar da bambance-bambance a cikin yuwuwar hana cutarwa16.
Lokacin Saƙo: Mayu-13-2025