Wannan binciken ya nuna cewa naman gwari mai alaƙa da tushen Kosakonia oryziphila NP19, wanda aka ware daga tushen shinkafa, wani kyakkyawan maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ne mai haɓaka haɓakar shuka da kuma maganin sinadarai don magance fashewar shinkafa. An gudanar da gwaje-gwajen In vitro akan sabbin ganyen shinkafa mai ƙanshi na Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDML105). Sakamakon ya nuna cewa NP19 ya hana haɓakar ƙwayar fungal conidia ta shinkafa. An hana kamuwa da cutar fungal a ƙarƙashin yanayi uku daban-daban na magani: allurar shinkafa da NP19 da fungal conidia; allurar ganye a lokaci guda tare da NP19 da fungal conidia; da allurar ganye da fungal conidia sannan aka bi da NP19 bayan sa'o'i 30. Bugu da ƙari, NP19 ya rage girman hyphal na fungal da kashi 9.9–53.4%. A gwaje-gwajen da aka yi a cikin tukunya, NP19 ya ƙara ayyukan peroxidase (POD) da superoxide dismutase (SOD) da kashi 6.1% zuwa 63.0% da kuma kashi 3.0% zuwa 67.7%, bi da bi, wanda ke nuna ingantattun hanyoyin kare tsirrai. Idan aka kwatanta da magungunan NP19 marasa kamuwa da cuta, tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da cutar NP19 sun nuna ƙaruwar yawan sinadarin pigment da kashi 0.3%–24.7%, adadin cikakken hatsi a kowace panicle da kashi 4.1%, yawan cikakken hatsi da kashi 26.3%, yawan amfanin ƙasa da kashi 34.4%, da kuma yawan sinadarin aromatic 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) da kashi 10.1%. A cikin tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da NP19 da blast, ƙaruwar ta kasance 0.2%–49.2%, 4.6%, 9.1%, 54.4%, da 7.5%, bi da bi. Gwaje-gwajen da aka yi a gona sun nuna cewa shuke-shuken shinkafa da aka yi wa mulkin mallaka da/ko aka yi wa allurar NP19 sun nuna karuwar adadin cikakken hatsi a kowace pine da kashi 15.1–27.2%, cikakken yawan hatsi da kashi 103.6–119.8%, da kuma yawan 2AP da kashi 18.0–35.8%. Waɗannan shuke-shuken shinkafa sun kuma nuna ƙarin aikin SOD (6.9–29.5%) idan aka kwatanta da shuke-shuken shinkafa da suka kamu da cutar da ba a yi wa allurar NP19 ba. Shafa NP19 bayan kamuwa da cuta ya rage ci gaban raunuka. Don haka, an nuna cewa K. oryziphila NP19 yana iya zama ci gaban shuke-shuke da ke haɓaka bioagent da biopesticide don magance fashewar shinkafa.
Duk da haka, ingancin magungunan fungi yana da tasiri ga abubuwa da yawa, ciki har da tsari, lokaci da hanyar amfani da su, tsananin cututtuka, ingancin tsarin hasashen cututtuka, da kuma fitowar nau'ikan cututtukan da ke jure wa maganin fungi. Bugu da ƙari, amfani da magungunan fungi na sinadarai na iya haifar da guba a cikin muhalli kuma yana haifar da haɗarin lafiya ga masu amfani.
A cikin gwajin tukunya, an yi wa tsaban shinkafa magani a saman su kuma an yi musu tsiro kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama. Sannan aka shuka su da K. oryziphila NP19 sannan aka dasa su a cikin tiren shuka. An dasa tsire-tsire na tsawon kwanaki 30 domin ba da damar shukar shinkafa ta fito. Sannan aka dasa tsire-tsire a cikin tukwane. A lokacin dasa bishiyoyin, an yi wa tsire-tsiren shinkafa taki domin shirya su don kamuwa da cutar fungal da ke haifar da fashewar shinkafa da kuma gwada juriyarsu.
A wani gwajin fili, an yi wa iri da suka tsiro da Aspergillus oryzae NP19 magani ta hanyar amfani da hanyar da aka bayyana a sama kuma aka raba su zuwa kungiyoyi biyu: iri da suka kamu da Aspergillus oryzae NP19 (RS) da iri da ba su kamu da cutar ba (US). An shuka iri da suka tsiro a cikin tiren da aka yi wa ƙasa mai tsafta (cakuda ƙasa, bawon shinkafa da aka ƙone, da taki a cikin rabo 7:2:1 bisa ga nauyi) sannan aka dasa su na tsawon kwanaki 30.
An ƙara oryziphila conidial suspension a cikin shinkafar R kuma bayan awanni 30 na haɗuwa, an ƙara μl 2 na K. oryziphila NP19 a wuri ɗaya. An saka duk abincin Petri a zafin 25°C a cikin duhu na tsawon awanni 30 sannan aka saka a cikin haske mai ci gaba. An sake yin kwafi na kowane rukuni sau uku. Bayan awanni 72 na haɗuwa, an duba sassan shuka kuma an yi musu na'urar duba electron microscopy. A takaice, an sanya sassan shuka a cikin saline mai ɗauke da phosphate wanda ke ɗauke da 2.5% (v/v) glutaraldehyde kuma an cire ruwa a cikin jerin maganin ethanol. An busar da samfuran da carbon dioxide, sannan an shafa musu zinariya sannan a lura da su a ƙarƙashin na'urar duba electron na tsawon mintuna 15.
Lokacin Saƙo: Oktoba-13-2025