Kasuwancin iri wanda aka gyara (GM) ana tsammanin zai yi girma da dala biliyan 12.8 nan da 2028, tare da haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar shekara-shekara na 7.08%.Wannan yanayin ci gaban ya samo asali ne ta hanyar aikace-aikacen da aka yaɗa da kuma ci gaba da haɓaka fasahar fasahar noma.
Kasuwar Arewacin Amurka ta sami ci gaba cikin sauri saboda karɓuwa da ci gaba a cikin fasahar noma.Basf yana daya daga cikin manyan masu samar da iri da aka gyara tare da muhimman fa'idodi kamar rage zaizayar kasa da kare nau'in halittu.Kasuwancin Arewacin Amurka yana mai da hankali kan abubuwa kamar dacewa, zaɓin mabukaci da tsarin amfani da duniya.Dangane da hasashe da nazari, kasuwannin Arewacin Amurka a halin yanzu suna samun hauhawar bukatu, kuma fasahar kere-kere tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsara fannin noma.
Manyan direbobin kasuwa
Ƙara yawan aikace-aikacen GM tsaba a cikin filin biofuels yana haifar da ci gaban kasuwa a fili.Tare da haɓakar buƙatun albarkatun halittu, ƙimar karɓar nau'ikan nau'ikan halitta a cikin kasuwannin duniya shima yana ƙaruwa sannu a hankali.Bugu da kari, tare da kara mai da hankali kan rage fitar da hayaki mai gurbata muhalli da rage sauyin yanayi, man fetir da aka samu daga amfanin gona da aka gyara, kamar masara, waken soya da kuma suga, na kara zama muhimmi a matsayin tushen makamashin da ake iya sabuntawa.
Bugu da kari, nau'ikan da aka canza ta kwayoyin halitta da aka tsara don karuwar yawan amfanin gona, karuwar abun ciki mai da kwayoyin halitta suma suna haifar da fadada kasuwar samar da kayayyaki ta duniya da ke da alaka da albarkatun halittu.Misali, bioethanol da aka samu daga masara da aka gyara ana amfani da shi sosai a matsayin abin da ake kara mai, yayin da biodiesel da aka samu daga waken waken da aka gyara ta hanyar dabi’a da canola na samar da madadin burbushin mai na sufuri da masana’antu.
Manyan harkokin kasuwa
A cikin masana'antar iri na GM, haɗin kai na noma na dijital da ƙididdigar bayanai ya zama yanayin da ke tasowa da kuma mahimmancin direba na kasuwa, canza ayyukan noma da haɓaka darajar kasuwa na tsaba na GM.
Aikin noma na dijital yana amfani da fasahar zamani kamar hoton tauraron dan adam, jirage masu saukar ungulu, na'urori masu auna firikwensin, da ingantattun kayan aikin noma don tattara ɗimbin bayanai da suka shafi lafiyar ƙasa, yanayin yanayi, haɓakar amfanin gona, da kwari.Algorithms na nazarin bayanai sannan aiwatar da wannan bayanin don samarwa manoma mafita masu aiki da inganta tsarin yanke shawara.A cikin mahallin nau'in GM, aikin noma na dijital yana ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen kulawa da kulawa da amfanin gona na GM a duk tsawon rayuwarsu.Manoma na iya amfani da bayanan da aka kora don keɓance ayyukan shuka, inganta hanyoyin dasa shuki, da haɓaka aikin nau'ikan iri na GM.
Manyan kalubalen kasuwa
Samuwar sabbin fasahohi irin su noma a tsaye na haifar da barazana ga amfani da fasahohin gargajiya a fannin samar da kwayoyin halitta wanda kuma shi ne babban kalubalen da kasuwar ke fuskanta a halin yanzu.Ba kamar filin gargajiya ko noman greenhouse ba, noman tsaye ya haɗa da tara tsire-tsire a tsaye tare, galibi ana haɗa su cikin wasu gine-gine kamar su skyscrapers, kwantena na jigilar kaya, ko wuraren ajiya da aka canza.Ta wannan hanyar, kawai yanayin ruwa da haske da shuka ke buƙata, kuma ana iya guje wa dogaron shukar da magungunan kashe qwari, takin zamani, maganin ciyawa da kwayoyin halitta (Gmos) yadda ya kamata.
Kasuwa ta iri
Ƙarfin ɓangaren juriya na herbicide zai haɓaka rabon kasuwa na tsaba na GM.Haƙuri na ciyawa yana bawa amfanin gona damar jure aikace-aikacen takamaiman maganin ciyawa yayin da yake hana ci gaban ciyawa.Yawanci, ana samun wannan dabi'a ta hanyar gyare-gyaren kwayoyin halitta, wanda aka samar da amfanin gona ta hanyar kwayoyin halitta don samar da enzymes wanda ke lalata ko tsayayya da kayan aiki na herbicides.
Bugu da kari, amfanin gona mai jurewa glyphosate, musamman wadanda Monsanto ke bayarwa da kuma sarrafa su ta Bayer, suna daga cikin nau'ikan da ake iya samun maganin ciyawa.Wadannan amfanin gona na iya inganta yadda ya kamata wajen kawar da ciyawa ba tare da lalata shuke-shuken da aka noma ba.Ana sa ran wannan lamarin zai ci gaba da jan ragamar kasuwar nan gaba.
Kasuwa ta samfur
Tsarin yanayin kasuwa yana da siffa ta hanyar ci gaban kimiyyar aikin gona da fasahar injiniyan kwayoyin halitta.Gm tsaba suna kawo kyawawan halaye na amfanin gona kamar yawan amfanin ƙasa da juriya na kwari, don haka karɓuwar jama'a tana ƙaruwa.An gyara kayan amfanin gona da aka gyara kamar su waken soya da masara da auduga don nuna halaye irin su jurewar maganin ciyawa da juriya na kwari, samar da ingantattun hanyoyin da za su taimaka wa manoma wajen yakar kwari da ciyawa tare da kara yawan amfanin gona.Ana amfani da dabaru irin su rarraba kwayoyin halitta da shiru na kwayoyin halitta a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje don gyara tsarin halittar kwayoyin halitta da inganta dabi'un kwayoyin halitta.Yawancin lokaci ana tsara tsaba na Gm don zama masu jure wa ciyawa, rage buƙatar ciyawa da hannu da kuma taimakawa wajen haɓaka amfanin gona.Ana samun waɗannan fasahohin ne ta hanyar fasahar ƙwayoyin halitta da gyare-gyare ta hanyar amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta irin su Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
Ana sa ran kasuwar masara za ta nuna gagarumin ci gaba a nan gaba.Masara ta mamaye kasuwannin duniya kuma ana samun karuwar buƙatu, galibi don samar da ethanol da ciyarwar dabbobi.Bugu da ƙari, masara ita ce babban abincin abinci don samar da ethanol.Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Amurka ta yi kiyasin cewa noman masarar Amurka zai kai ganga biliyan 15.1 a duk shekara a shekarar 2022, sama da kashi 7 bisa 100 daga shekarar 2020.
Ba wannan kadai ba, yawan amfanin masarar Amurka a shekarar 2022 zai kai wani matsayi mai girma.Yawan amfanin gona ya kai 177.0 a kowace kadada, sama da 5.6 daga 171.4 a cikin 2020. Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da masara don dalilai na masana'antu irin su magani, robobi da man fetur.Ƙwararrensa ya ba da gudummawa wajen samar da masara a yanki na biyu mafi girma a duniya bayan alkama kuma ana sa ran zai haifar da haɓakar ɓangaren masara da kuma ci gaba da bunkasa kasuwar iri na GM a nan gaba.
Mabuɗin wuraren kasuwa
Amurka da Kanada sune manyan masu ba da gudummawa ga samar da iri na GM da amfani a Arewacin Amurka.A {asar Amirka, amfanin gona da aka chanja su, irin su waken soya, masara, auduga da canola, galibin waxanda aka kirkira ta hanyar halittarsu don samun kadarori irin su jurewar ciyawa da juriyar kwari, sune manyan nau'o'in girma.Yaɗuwar ɗaukar ƙwayar GM tana haifar da abubuwa da yawa.Wadannan sun hada da bukatar kara yawan amfanin gona, sarrafa ciyawa da kwari yadda ya kamata, da son rage tasirin muhalli ta hanyar rage amfani da sinadarai da sauransu.Kanada kuma tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a kasuwannin yanki, tare da nau'ikan canola na GM masu jure ciyawa waɗanda suka zama babban amfanin gona a aikin noma na Kanada, suna taimakawa haɓaka amfanin gona da ribar manoma.Don haka, waɗannan abubuwan za su ci gaba da fitar da kasuwar iri ta GM a Arewacin Amurka a nan gaba.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-17-2024