A shekara ta uku a jere, manoman apple sun fuskanci yanayi ƙasa da matsakaicin matsakaici. Me hakan ke nufi ga masana'antar?

Girbin apple na ƙasa na bara ya kasance mafi tarihi, a cewar Ƙungiyar Apple ta Amurka.
A Michigan, shekara mai ƙarfi ta haifar da raguwar farashin wasu nau'ikan iri kuma ta haifar da jinkiri wajen shirya kayan lambu.
Emma Grant, wacce ke kula da Cherry Bay Orchards a Suttons Bay, tana fatan za a warware wasu daga cikin waɗannan matsalolin a wannan kakar.
"Ba mu taɓa amfani da wannan ba a da," in ji ta, tana buɗe bokiti mai kauri fari. "Amma ganin cewa akwai apples da yawa a Michigan kuma masu tattarawa suna buƙatar ƙarin lokaci don shiryawa, mun yanke shawarar gwada shi."
Ruwan shinemai kula da girman shuka; ita da abokan aikinta sun gwada sinadarin ta hanyar haɗa shi da ruwa sannan suka fesa wa ƙaramin yanki na itacen apple da Premier Honeycrisp.
"A yanzu haka muna fesa wannan kayan da fatan jinkirta nunar da apples na Premier Honeycrisp," in ji Grant. "Suna yin ja a kan bishiyar, sannan idan muka gama ɗebo sauran apples muka ɗebo su, har yanzu suna kan matakin nuna don ajiya."
Muna fatan waɗannan apples ɗin da suka fara za su yi ja kamar yadda zai yiwu ba tare da nuna ba. Wannan zai ba su damar samun damar tattarawa, adanawa, naɗewa, sannan a ƙarshe a sayar da su ga masu amfani.
Ana sa ran girbin wannan shekarar zai yi yawa, amma ya yi ƙasa da na bara. Duk da haka, masu bincike sun ce ba sabon abu ba ne a ga hakan ya faru shekaru uku a jere.
Chris Gerlach ya ce hakan ya faru ne saboda muna dasa ƙarin bishiyoyin apple a faɗin ƙasar.
"Mun shuka kusan eka 30,35,000 na apples a cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata," in ji Gerlach, wanda ke bin diddigin bincike daga Ƙungiyar Apple ta Amurka, ƙungiyar cinikayyar masana'antar apple.
"Ba za ka dasa bishiyar apple a saman bishiyar apple ta kakanka ba," in ji Gerlach. "Ba za ka dasa bishiyoyi 400 a kowace eka mai babban rufin ba, kuma za ka yi amfani da lokaci mai yawa wajen gyara ko girbe bishiyoyin."
Yawancin masana'antun suna ƙaura zuwa tsarin da ke da yawan jama'a. Waɗannan bishiyoyin raga suna kama da bangon 'ya'yan itace.
Suna noman apples da yawa a cikin ƙaramin sarari kuma suna tsince su cikin sauƙi—wani abu da dole ne a yi da hannu idan aka sayar da apples ɗin sabo. Bugu da ƙari, a cewar Gerlach, ingancin 'ya'yan itacen ya fi girma fiye da da.
Gerlach ya ce wasu manoma sun yi asara saboda girbin da aka yi a shekarar 2023 ya haifar da ƙarancin farashi ga wasu nau'ikan.
"Yawanci a ƙarshen kakar wasa, waɗannan manoman apple za su sami cekin a cikin wasiƙa. A wannan shekarar, manoma da yawa suna karɓar kuɗi ta wasiƙa saboda ƙimar apple ɗinsu ta yi ƙasa da farashin sabis."
Baya ga tsadar ma'aikata da sauran kuɗaɗe kamar man fetur, dole ne masu samarwa su biya kuɗin ajiya, marufi na apples da kuma tallafin kwamiti ga masu sayar da kayayyaki a masana'antu.
Gerlach ya ce, "Yawanci a ƙarshen kakar wasa, manoman apple za su ɗauki farashin sayar da apples ɗin ba tare da la'akari da farashin waɗannan ayyukan ba sannan su karɓi cekin a cikin wasiƙa." "A wannan shekarar, manoma da yawa sun sami kuɗi ta wasiƙa saboda darajar apples ɗinsu ta yi ƙasa da farashin sabis."
Wannan ba zai dawwama ba, musamman ga ƙananan manoma da matsakaitan manoma—masu noman iri ɗaya waɗanda suka mallaki gonakin inabi da yawa a arewacin Michigan.
Gerlach ya ce masu samar da apple na Amurka suna haɗaka kuma suna ganin ƙarin jari daga hannun jari masu zaman kansu da asusun arzikin ƙasashen waje. Ya ce wannan yanayin zai ci gaba ne kawai yayin da farashin ma'aikata ke ƙaruwa, wanda hakan ke sa ya yi wuya a sami kuɗi daga 'ya'yan itatuwa kawai.
"Akwai gasa mai yawa tsakanin innabi, clementines, avocado da sauran kayayyaki a kan shaguna a yau," in ji shi. "Wasu mutane suna magana game da abin da muke buƙatar yi don tallata apples a matsayin rukuni, ba kawai Honeycrisp da Red Delicious ba, har ma da apples idan aka kwatanta da sauran kayayyaki."
Duk da haka, Gerlach ya ce manoma ya kamata su ga ɗan sauƙi a wannan kakar noma. Wannan shekarar za ta zama babban abin da Apple za ta yi, amma har yanzu akwai ƙarancin apples fiye da bara.
A Suttons Bay, wata hukumar kula da girmar tsirrai da Emma Grant ta fesa fiye da wata guda da ya wuce ta sami tasirin da ake so: ta ba wa wasu apples ƙarin lokaci su yi ja ba tare da sun nuna ba. Yayin da apple ɗin ya yi ja, haka nan yake jan hankalin masu tattarawa.
Yanzu ta ce za ta jira ta ga ko irin wannan na'urar sanyaya daki za ta taimaka wa apples ɗin su adana sosai kafin a naɗe su a sayar.