Fadada amfani da sabbin gidajen sauro masu maganin kwari masu aiki biyu yana ba da bege ga shawo kan cutar malaria a Afirka

Gidajen sauro da aka yi wa magani da maganin kwari (ITNs) su ne ginshiƙin rigakafin cutar maleriya a cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata, kuma amfani da su yaɗuwa ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen hana cutar da kuma ceton rayuka. Tun daga shekarar 2000, ƙoƙarin shawo kan cutar maleriya a duniya, gami da kamfen ɗin ITN, ya hana kamuwa da cutar maleriya sama da biliyan 2 da kuma mutuwar kusan miliyan 13.
Duk da wani ci gaba da aka samu, sauro masu yada cutar maleriya a yankuna da dama sun sami juriya daga cutarmagungunan kashe kwariana amfani da shi a gidajen sauro masu maganin kwari (ITNs), musamman pyrethroids. Wannan ya rage ingancin magungunan kwari kuma ya kawo cikas ga ci gaban rigakafin zazzabin cizon sauro. Wannan barazanar da ke ƙaruwa ta sa masu bincike su hanzarta haɓaka sabbin gidajen sauro waɗanda ke ba da kariya mai ɗorewa daga zazzabin cizon sauro.

A shekarar 2018, UNITAID da Asusun Duniya sun ƙaddamar da aikin New Nets, wanda ƙungiyar Coalition for Innovative Malaria Vector Control ta jagoranta, tare da haɗin gwiwa da shirye-shiryen malaria na ƙasa da sauran abokan hulɗa, ciki har da Shirin Shugaban Amurka na Malaria, Gidauniyar Bill & Melinda Gates da MedAccess. Aikin yana tallafawa samar da shaida da ayyukan gwaji don hanzarta sauyawa zuwa gidajen sauro masu maganin kwari biyu a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara don magance juriyar pyrethroid.
An fara amfani da hanyoyin sadarwa a Burkina Faso a shekarar 2019, sannan a Benin, Mozambique, Rwanda da kuma Jamhuriyar Tanzania domin gwada ingancinsu a yanayi daban-daban.
Zuwa ƙarshen shekarar 2022, aikin New Mosquito Nets, tare da haɗin gwiwar Asusun Duniya da Shirin Shugaban Amurka na Zazzabin Maleriya, ya sanya gidajen sauro sama da miliyan 56 a ƙasashe 17 a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara inda aka samu rubuce-rubuce game da juriyar maganin kwari.
Gwaje-gwajen asibiti da kuma binciken gwaji sun nuna cewa gidajen sauro masu aiki biyu da aka yi wa magani sun fi tasiri da kashi 20-50% wajen shawo kan cutar malaria fiye da gidajen sauro na yau da kullun da ke ɗauke da pyrethroids kawai. Bugu da ƙari, gwaje-gwajen asibiti a Jamhuriyar Tanzaniya da Benin sun nuna cewa gidajen sauro da ke ɗauke da pyrethroids da chlorfenapyr suna rage yawan kamuwa da cutar malaria a cikin yara 'yan watanni 6 zuwa shekaru 10.
Ƙarfafa sa ido, sa ido da kuma kula da barazanar halittu kamar su juriya ga kwari, nau'ikan halittu masu mamayewa da canje-canje a cikin halayen vector suna da matuƙar muhimmanci wajen magancewa da kuma kawar da yaɗuwar cutar malaria. Haka nan yana da mahimmanci a saka hannun jari a cikin kayan aiki masu ƙirƙira don magance waɗannan ƙalubalen da ke tasowa.
Haɓaka da kuma sa ido kan gidajen sauro, alluran rigakafi da sauran sabbin fasahohi na zamani yana buƙatar ci gaba da saka hannun jari a shirye-shiryen magance cutar malaria da kuma kawar da ita, gami da tabbatar da sake cika Asusun Duniya da Gavi, ƙungiyar allurar rigakafi.
Baya ga sabbin gidajen sauro, masu bincike suna haɓaka nau'ikan kayan aikin sarrafa ƙwayoyin cuta iri-iri, kamar magungunan kashe kwari, kayan farautar gida masu kisa (bututun labule), da sauro da aka ƙera ta hanyar halitta.