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Tsire-tsire masu ado na ado tare da kyan gani suna da daraja sosai. Hanya ɗaya don cimma wannan ita ce amfanimasu kula da girma shukaa matsayin kayan aikin sarrafa ci gaban shuka. An gudanar da binciken a kan dwarf Schefflera (wani tsire-tsire na kayan ado) wanda aka yi da foliar sprays.gibberellic acidda kuma benzyladenine hormone a cikin greenhouse sanye take da tsarin ban ruwa hazo. An fesa hormone akan ganyen dwarf schefflera a adadin 0, 100 da 200 mg/l a cikin matakai uku kowane kwanaki 15. An gudanar da gwajin a kan ma'auni a cikin tsari na gaba daya tare da maimaitawa guda hudu. Haɗin gibberellic acid da benzyladenine a matakin 200 mg / l yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan adadin ganye, yankin ganye da tsayin shuka. Wannan magani kuma ya haifar da mafi girman abun ciki na pigments na hotuna. Bugu da ƙari, an lura da mafi girman rabo na carbohydrates mai narkewa da rage sukari tare da benzyladenine a 100 da 200 mg / L da gibberellic acid + benzyladenine a 200 mg / L. Binciken sake komawa mataki na mataki ya nuna cewa tushen tushen shine farkon mai canzawa don shigar da samfurin, yana bayyana 44% na bambancin. Mai canzawa na gaba shine sabobin tushen taro, tare da ƙirar bivariate yana bayanin 63% na bambancin lambar ganye. Babban ingantaccen tasiri akan lambar ganye an yi shi ta sabon nauyin tushen (0.43), wanda ke da alaƙa daidai da lambar ganye (0.47). Sakamakon ya nuna cewa gibberellic acid da benzyladenine a matakin 200 mg / l sun inganta haɓakar haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta, chlorophyll da carotenoid kira na Liriodendron tulipifera, kuma sun rage abun ciki na sugars da carbohydrates mai narkewa.
Schefflera arborescens (Hayata) Merr itace tsire-tsire na ado na gidan Araliaceae, ɗan asalin China da Taiwan1. Ana shuka wannan shuka sau da yawa azaman tsiron gida, amma shuka ɗaya ne kawai zai iya girma a cikin irin wannan yanayin. Ganyen suna da leaflets 5 zuwa 16, kowane tsayin 10-20 cm2. Ana sayar da Dwarf Schefflera da yawa a kowace shekara, amma ba a cika amfani da hanyoyin aikin lambu na zamani ba. Sabili da haka, yin amfani da masu kula da haɓakar tsire-tsire a matsayin kayan aikin gudanarwa masu inganci don inganta haɓaka da ci gaba da samar da kayan lambu na buƙatar ƙarin hankali. A yau, amfani da masu kula da ci gaban shuka ya karu sosai3,4,5. Gibberellic acid shine mai sarrafa ci gaban shuka wanda zai iya ƙara yawan amfanin gona6. Ɗaya daga cikin sanannun tasirinsa shine haɓaka haɓakar ciyayi, gami da kara girma da tsayin tushe da ƙara yankin ganye7. Babban tasirin gibberellins shine haɓaka tsayin tushe saboda tsayin internodes. Foliar foliar gibberellins akan tsire-tsire na dwarf waɗanda ba su iya samar da gibberellins yana haifar da ƙara haɓakar kara girma da tsayin shuka8. Fesa furanni da ganye tare da gibberellic acid akan adadin 500 mg/l na iya ƙara tsayin shuka, lamba, faɗi da tsayin ganye9. An ba da rahoton Gibberellins don haɓaka haɓakar tsire-tsire iri-iri. An lura da elongation mai tushe a Scots Pine (Pinussylvestris) da farin spruce (Piceaglauca) lokacin da aka fesa ganye da gibberellic acid11.
Ɗaya daga cikin binciken yayi nazari akan tasirin cytokinin tsire-tsire masu kula da girma a kan samuwar reshe na gefe a cikin Lily officinalis. lanƙwasa Gwaje-gwaje an gudanar da su a cikin kaka da bazara don nazarin tasirin yanayi. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa kinetin, benzyladenine da 2-prenyladenine ba su shafar samuwar ƙarin rassan. Duk da haka, 500 ppm benzyladenine ya haifar da samuwar rassa na 12.2 da 8.2 a cikin kaka da gwaje-gwajen bazara, bi da bi, idan aka kwatanta da 4.9 da 3.9 rassan a cikin tsire-tsire masu sarrafawa. Bincike ya nuna cewa maganin lokacin rani ya fi na hunturu inganci12. A wani gwaji, Peace Lily var. An bi da tsire-tsire tassone tare da 0, 250 da 500 ppm benzyladenine a cikin tukwane mai diamita na 10 cm. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa maganin ƙasa ya ƙara yawan ƙarin ganye idan aka kwatanta da sarrafawa da tsire-tsire masu maganin benzyladenine. An sami ƙarin ƙarin ganye makonni huɗu bayan jiyya, kuma an lura da yawan samar da ganyen makonni takwas bayan jiyya. A makonni 20 bayan jiyya, tsire-tsire da aka yi wa ƙasa ba su da tsayin tsayi fiye da tsiron da aka riga aka yi wa magani13. An bayar da rahoton cewa benzyladenine a wani taro na 20 mg / L zai iya ƙara yawan girma shuka da lambar ganye a cikin Croton 14. A cikin calla lilies, benzyladenine a wani taro na 500 ppm ya haifar da karuwa a yawan rassan, yayin da lambar na rassan ya kasance mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin rukunin kulawa15. Manufar wannan binciken shine don bincika foliar fesa gibberellic acid da benzyladenine don inganta haɓakar Schefflera dwarfa, shukar ado. Waɗannan masu kula da haɓakar tsire-tsire za su iya taimaka wa masu sana'ar kasuwanci su tsara yadda ake samarwa da ya dace a duk shekara. Babu wani binciken da aka gudanar don inganta ci gaban Liriodendron tulipifera.
An gudanar da wannan binciken ne a cikin dakin binciken tsirrai na cikin gida na Jami'ar Azad ta Musulunci a Jiloft, Iran. Uniform tushen dashi na dwarf schefflera 25 ± 5 cm a tsawo an shirya (propagated watanni shida kafin gwajin) da kuma sown a cikin tukwane. Tukunyar filastik ce, baƙar fata, mai diamita na 20 cm da tsayi 30 cm16.
Matsakaicin al'adu a cikin wannan binciken shine cakuda peat, humus, yashi da aka wanke da buhunan shinkafa a cikin rabon 1:1:1:1 (ta girma)16. Sanya Layer na tsakuwa a kasan tukunyar don magudanar ruwa. Matsakaicin zafin rana da na dare a cikin greenhouse a ƙarshen bazara da lokacin rani ya kasance 32± 2°C da 28±2°C, bi da bi. Dangantakar zafi jeri zuwa>70%. Yi amfani da tsarin hazo don ban ruwa. A matsakaici, ana shayar da tsire-tsire sau 12 a rana. A cikin kaka da bazara, lokacin kowane watering shine minti 8, tazarar watering shine awa 1. Haka kuma an shuka tsire-tsire sau hudu, 2, 4, 6 da 8 makonni bayan shuka, tare da maganin micronutrient (Ghoncheh Co., Iran) a ma'auni na 3 ppm kuma an shayar da shi tare da 100 ml na bayani kowane lokaci. Maganin gina jiki ya ƙunshi N 8 ppm, P 4 ppm, K 5 ppm da abubuwan gano abubuwa Fe, Pb, Zn, Mn, Mo da B.
An shirya adadin gibberellic acid guda uku da mai kula da ci gaban shuka (wanda aka siya daga Sigma) a 0, 100 da 200 mg/L kuma an fesa su akan buds na shuka a cikin matakai uku a tazarar kwanaki 1517. Tween 20 (0.1%) (wanda aka saya daga Sigma) an yi amfani da shi a cikin maganin don ƙara yawan tsawonsa da kuma sha. Da sassafe, fesa hormones akan buds da ganyen Liriodendron tulipifera ta amfani da mai fesa. Ana fesa tsire-tsire da ruwa mai narkewa.
Tsawon tsire-tsire, diamita mai tushe, yanki na ganye, abun ciki na chlorophyll, adadin internodes, tsawon rassan sakandare, adadin rassan sakandare, ƙarar tushen, tsayin tushen, taro na ganye, tushen, kara da busassun busassun kwayoyin halitta, abun ciki na pigments na photosynthetic (chlorophyll) a, chlorophyll b) Jimlar chlorophyll, carotenoids, jimlar pigments), rage sukari da carbohydrates mai narkewa an auna su a cikin jiyya daban-daban.
An auna abun ciki na chlorophyll na ganyayen matasa kwanaki 180 bayan fesa ta amfani da mitar chlorophyll (Spad CL-01) daga 9:30 zuwa 10 na safe (saboda sabbin ganye). Bugu da ƙari, an auna yankin ganye kwanaki 180 bayan fesa. Auna ganye uku daga sama, tsakiya da kasa na kara daga kowace tukunya. Ana amfani da waɗannan ganye azaman samfuri akan takarda A4 kuma an yanke abin da ya haifar. An kuma auna nauyi da farfajiyar takarda ɗaya na takarda A4. Sa'an nan kuma ana ƙididdige yanki na stenciled ganye ta hanyar amfani da ma'auni. Bugu da ƙari, an ƙayyade ƙarar tushen ta amfani da silinda mai digiri. Nauyin busasshen ganye, busasshen nauyi mai tushe, busasshen nauyi, da jimlar busassun kowane samfurin an auna ta bushewar tanda a 72 ° C na awanni 48.
An auna abun ciki na chlorophyll da carotenoids ta hanyar Lichtenthaler18. Don yin wannan, an niƙa 0.1 g na ganye a cikin turmi mai ɗauke da 15 ml na 80% acetone, kuma bayan tacewa, an auna ƙimar su ta amfani da spectrophotometer a madaidaicin 663.2, 646.8 da 470 nm. Daidaita na'urar ta amfani da 80% acetone. Yi ƙididdige ƙididdige yawan pigments na photosynthetic ta amfani da ma'auni mai zuwa:
Daga cikin su, Chl a, Chl b, Chl T da Car suna wakiltar chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, jimlar chlorophyll da carotenoids, bi da bi. Ana gabatar da sakamakon a cikin mg/ml shuka.
An auna rage sukari ta amfani da hanyar Somogy19. Don yin wannan, 0.02 g na tsire-tsire suna ƙasa a cikin turmi mai laushi tare da 10 ml na ruwa mai narkewa kuma an zuba a cikin karamin gilashi. Zafi gilashin ya tafasa sannan a tace abinda ke ciki ta amfani da Whatman No. 1 takarda tace don samun tsantsar tsiro. Canja wurin 2 ml na kowane tsantsa cikin bututun gwaji kuma ƙara 2 ml na maganin jan karfe sulfate. Rufe bututun gwajin da auduga da zafi a cikin wanka na ruwa a 100 ° C na minti 20. A wannan mataki, Cu2+ yana canzawa zuwa Cu2O ta hanyar rage aldehyde monosaccharide kuma ana iya ganin launi na salmon (terracotta) a kasan bututun gwaji. Bayan bututun gwajin ya yi sanyi, ƙara 2 ml na phosphomolybdic acid kuma launin shuɗi zai bayyana. Girgiza bututu da ƙarfi har sai an rarraba launi daidai a cikin bututu. Karanta shayarwar maganin a 600 nm ta amfani da spectrophotometer.
Yi ƙididdige ƙididdiga na rage yawan sukari ta amfani da daidaitaccen lanƙwasa. An ƙaddara yawan tattarawar carbohydrates mai narkewa ta hanyar Fales method20. Don yin wannan, an haxa 0.1 g na sprouts tare da 2.5 ml na 80% ethanol a 90 ° C na minti 60 (matakai biyu na 30 min kowanne) don cire carbohydrates masu narkewa. Ana tace abin da aka cire sannan a kwashe barasa. Sakamakon hazo yana narkar da shi a cikin 2.5 ml na ruwa mai narkewa. Zuba 200 ml na kowane samfurin a cikin bututun gwaji kuma ƙara 5 ml na alamar anthrone. An sanya cakuda a cikin wanka na ruwa a 90 ° C na mintina 17, kuma bayan sanyaya, an ƙayyade shayarwa a 625 nm.
Gwajin gwaji ne na ƙididdiga bisa ƙira gabaɗaya tare da maimaitawa huɗu. Ana amfani da hanyar PROC UNIVARIATE don bincika daidaitaccen rarraba bayanai kafin nazarin bambance-bambance. Binciken kididdiga ya fara ne tare da nazarin ƙididdiga na siffantawa don fahimtar ingancin danyen bayanan da aka tattara. An ƙera ƙididdiga don sauƙaƙa da damfara manyan saitin bayanai don sauƙaƙe su fassara. Bayan haka, an gudanar da bincike mai rikitarwa. An yi gwajin Duncan ta hanyar amfani da software na SPSS (version 24; IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA) don ƙididdige ma'anar murabba'i da kurakuran gwaji don tantance bambance-bambance tsakanin saitin bayanai. An yi amfani da gwajin da yawa na Duncan (DMRT) don gano bambance-bambance tsakanin hanyoyi a matakin mahimmanci na (0.05 ≤ p). Pearson correlation coefficient (r) an ƙididdige shi ta amfani da software na SPSS (version 26; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, Amurka) don kimanta alaƙa tsakanin nau'i-nau'i na sigogi daban-daban. Bugu da kari, an gudanar da nazarin koma bayan layin layi ta hanyar amfani da software na SPSS (v.26) don hasashen kimar masu canjin shekara ta farko dangane da ƙimar masu canjin shekara ta biyu. A gefe guda, an gudanar da bincike na koma baya tare da p <0.01 don gano halayen da ke tasiri sosai ga ganyen dwarf schefflera. An gudanar da bincike na hanya don ƙayyade tasirin kai tsaye da kai tsaye na kowane sifa a cikin samfurin (dangane da halayen da suka fi dacewa da bambancin). Dukkan lissafin da ke sama (al'adar rarraba bayanai, mai sauƙin daidaitawa mai sauƙi, gyare-gyaren mataki da bincike na hanya) an yi ta amfani da software na SPSS V.26.
Zaɓaɓɓen samfuran shuka da aka noma sun kasance daidai da ƙa'idodin hukumomi, na ƙasa da na ƙasa da kuma dokokin gida na Iran.
Tebu na 1 yana nuna ƙididdiga mai ma'ana na ma'ana, daidaitaccen karkata, mafi ƙaranci, matsakaicin, kewayo, da ƙididdiga na phenotypic na bambancin (CV) don halaye daban-daban. Daga cikin waɗannan ƙididdiga, CV yana ba da damar kwatanta halayen saboda ba shi da girma. Rage sugars (40.39%), tushen bushe nauyi (37.32%), tushen sabo ne nauyi (37.30%), sukari zuwa sukari rabo (30.20%) da tushen girma (30%) sune mafi girma. da abun ciki na chlorophyll (9.88%). ) kuma yankin ganye yana da mafi girman index (11.77%) kuma suna da mafi ƙarancin ƙimar CV. Tebur na 1 ya nuna cewa jimlar nauyin rigar yana da mafi girman kewayon. Koyaya, wannan sifa ba ta da mafi girman CV. Don haka, ya kamata a yi amfani da ma'auni marasa girma kamar CV don kwatanta canje-canjen halayen. Babban CV yana nuna babban bambanci tsakanin jiyya don wannan yanayin. Sakamakon wannan gwaji ya nuna babban bambance-bambance tsakanin ƙananan jiyya na ciwon sukari a cikin nauyin busassun busassun, sabon nauyi mai nauyi, rabon carbohydrate-zuwa-sukari, da halayen girman tushen.
Sakamakon ANOVA ya nuna cewa idan aka kwatanta da sarrafawa, foliar spraying tare da gibberellic acid da benzyladenine yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan tsayin shuka, adadin ganye, yanki na ganye, ƙarar tushe, tsayin tushe, index chlorophyll, sabon nauyi da bushe bushe.
Kwatanta ma'auni ya nuna cewa masu kula da haɓakar shuka suna da tasiri sosai akan tsayin shuka da adadin ganye. Mafi mahimmancin jiyya shine gibberellic acid a cikin ƙwayar 200 mg / l da gibberellic acid + benzyladenina a maida hankali na 200 mg / l. Idan aka kwatanta da sarrafawa, tsayin shuka da adadin ganye ya karu da sau 32.92 da sau 62.76, bi da bi (Table 2).
Yankin ganye ya karu sosai a cikin duk bambance-bambancen idan aka kwatanta da sarrafawa, tare da matsakaicin karuwa da aka lura a 200 mg / l don gibberelli acid, ya kai 89.19 cm2. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa yanki na ganye ya karu sosai tare da haɓaka haɓaka mai daidaitawa (Table 2).
Duk jiyya sun haɓaka ƙarar tushe da tsayi sosai idan aka kwatanta da sarrafawa. Haɗin gibberellic acid + benzyladenine yana da tasiri mafi girma, ƙara ƙarar girma da tsayin tushen da rabi idan aka kwatanta da sarrafawa (Table 2).
An lura da mafi girman ƙimar kara diamita da tsayin internode a cikin kulawa da gibberellic acid + benzyladenine 200 mg / l jiyya, bi da bi.
Fihirisar chlorophyll ta ƙaru a cikin duk bambance-bambancen karatu idan aka kwatanta da sarrafawa. An lura da mafi girman darajar wannan yanayin lokacin da aka bi da shi tare da gibberellic acid + benzyladenine 200 mg / l, wanda shine 30.21% mafi girma fiye da sarrafawa (Table 2).
Sakamakon ya nuna cewa maganin ya haifar da bambance-bambance masu yawa a cikin abun ciki mai launi, raguwa a cikin sukari da carbohydrates masu narkewa.
Jiyya tare da gibberellic acid + benzyladenine ya haifar da matsakaicin abun ciki na pigments na photosynthetic. Wannan alamar ta kasance mafi girma a cikin duk bambance-bambancen fiye da na sarrafawa.
Sakamakon ya nuna cewa duk jiyya na iya haɓaka abun ciki na chlorophyll na dwarf Schefflera. Duk da haka, an lura da mafi girman darajar wannan dabi'a a cikin jiyya tare da gibberellic acid + benzyladenine, wanda shine 36.95% mafi girma fiye da sarrafawa (Table 3).
Sakamakon chlorophyll b ya kasance kama da sakamakon chlorophyll a, kawai bambanci shine karuwar abun ciki na chlorophyll b, wanda shine 67.15% sama da na sarrafawa (Table 3).
Maganin ya haifar da karuwa mai yawa a cikin jimlar chlorophyll idan aka kwatanta da sarrafawa. Jiyya tare da gibberellic acid 200 mg / l + benzyladenine 100 mg / l ya haifar da mafi girman darajar wannan sifa, wanda shine 50% mafi girma fiye da sarrafawa (Table 3). Dangane da sakamakon, sarrafawa da magani tare da benzyladinine a kashi na 100 mg / l ya haifar da mafi girman ƙimar wannan yanayin. Liriodendron tulipifera yana da mafi girman darajar carotenoids (Table 3).
Sakamakon ya nuna cewa lokacin da aka bi da shi tare da gibberellic acid a matakin 200 mg / L, abun ciki na chlorophyll ya karu sosai zuwa chlorophyll b (Fig. 1).
Tasirin gibberellic acid da benzyladenine akan a/b Ch. Matsakaicin dwarf schefflera. (GA3: gibberellic acid dan BA: benzyladenine). Haruffa iri ɗaya a cikin kowane adadi suna nuna cewa bambancin ba shi da mahimmanci (P <0.01).
Tasirin kowane magani akan sabo da busassun nauyi na itacen schefflera dwarf ya fi girma fiye da na sarrafawa. Gibberellic acid + benzyladenine a 200 mg/L shine magani mafi inganci, yana ƙara sabon nauyi ta 138.45% idan aka kwatanta da sarrafawa. Idan aka kwatanta da sarrafawa, duk jiyya banda 100 MG / L benzyladenine ya haɓaka nauyin bushewar shuka, kuma 200 mg / L gibberellic acid + benzyladenine ya haifar da mafi girman darajar wannan sifa (Table 4).
Yawancin bambance-bambancen sun bambanta da mahimmanci daga sarrafawa a wannan batun, tare da mafi girman ƙimar da ke cikin 100 da 200 mg / l benzyladenine da 200 mg / l gibberellic acid + benzyladenine (Fig. 2).
Tasirin gibberellic acid da benzyladenine akan rabon carbohydrates mai narkewa da rage sukari a cikin dwarf schefflera. (GA3: gibberellic acid dan BA: benzyladenine). Haruffa iri ɗaya a cikin kowane adadi ba su nuna wani babban bambanci ba (P <0.01).
An gudanar da bincike na regression mataki-mataki don ƙayyade ainihin halayen da kuma fahimtar dangantaka tsakanin masu canji masu zaman kansu da lambar ganye a cikin Liriodendron tulipifera. Tushen tushen shine farkon farkon da aka shigar a cikin ƙirar, yana bayanin 44% na bambancin. Maɓalli na gaba shine sabon nauyin tushen, kuma waɗannan masu canji guda biyu sun bayyana 63% na bambancin lambar ganye (Table 5).
An gudanar da bincike na hanya don mafi kyawun fassarar koma baya na mataki (Table 6 da Figure 3). Babban ingantaccen tasiri akan lambar ganye yana da alaƙa da sabobin tushen taro (0.43), wanda ke da alaƙa daidai da lambar ganye (0.47). Wannan yana nuna cewa wannan yanayin yana rinjayar amfanin gona kai tsaye, yayin da tasirinsa na kai tsaye ta hanyar wasu halaye ba shi da kyau, kuma ana iya amfani da wannan sifa azaman ma'aunin zaɓi a cikin shirye-shiryen kiwo don dwarf schefflera. Sakamakon kai tsaye na ƙarar tushen ya kasance mara kyau (-0.67). Tasirin wannan sifa akan adadin ganye kai tsaye, tasirin kai tsaye ba shi da mahimmanci. Wannan yana nuna cewa mafi girman girman tushen, ƙananan adadin ganye.
Hoto na 4 yana nuna canje-canje a cikin juzu'i na madaidaiciyar ƙarar tushen da rage yawan sukari. Dangane da ƙididdiga na regression, kowace naúrar tana canzawa a tsayin tushe kuma carbohydrates mai narkewa yana nufin cewa ƙarar tushen da rage yawan sukari ya canza ta raka'a 0.6019 da 0.311.
Ana nuna ƙimar haɗin haɗin Pearson na halayen haɓaka a cikin Hoto na 5. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa adadin ganye da tsayin tsire-tsire (0.379*) suna da alaƙa mafi girma da mahimmanci.
Taswirar zafi na alaƙa tsakanin masu canji a cikin ma'aunin haɓaka ƙimar haɓaka. # Y Axis: 1-Index Ch., 2-Internode, 3-LAI, 4-N na ganye, 5- Tsawon ƙafafu, Diamita 6-Stem. # Tare da axis X: A - index H., B - nisa tsakanin nodes, C - LAY, D - N. na ganye, E - tsayin ƙafar wando, F - diamita na tushe.
Ana nuna ma'auni na haɗin gwiwar Pearson don halayen da ke da nauyin rigar a cikin Hoto 6. Sakamakon ya nuna dangantaka tsakanin nauyin rigar ganye da nauyin bushe na sama (0.834 **), jimlar busassun nauyi (0.913 **) da tushen bushewa (0.562*) ). . Jimlar busassun taro yana da mafi girma kuma mafi mahimmanci tabbatacce alaƙa tare da busassun busassun taro (0.790**) da busassun busassun taro (0.741**).
Taswirar zafi na alaƙa tsakanin sabbin ma'auni mai daidaita nauyi. # Y axis: 1 - nauyin ganyaye, 2 - nauyin sabo, 3 - nauyin sabo, 4 - nauyin ganyan sabo. # Axis na X yana wakiltar: A - sabon nauyin ganye, B - sabon nauyin toho, CW - sabon nauyin tushen, D - jimlar sabo.
Ana nuna ma'auni na haɗin gwiwar Pearson don halayen busassun nauyin nauyin nauyi a cikin Hoto 7. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa nauyin bushewa na ganye, nauyin busassun busassun (0.848 **) da jimlar busassun nauyi (0.947**), toho bushe nauyi (0.854**) kuma jimlar busassun taro (0.781**) suna da ƙima mafi girma. kyakkyawar alaƙa da mahimmancin alaƙa.
Taswirar zafi na dangantaka tsakanin busassun daidaitattun ma'auni mai mahimmanci. Axis # Y yana wakiltar: busasshen nauyi-leaf 1, busasshen nauyi 2-busasshen nauyi, busasshen nauyi 3, jimlar busasshen nauyi 4. # X Axis: A-leaf bushe nauyi, B-bud nauyi bushe, CW tushen bushe nauyi, D- jimlar bushe nauyi.
An nuna alamar haɗin haɗin Pearson na kayan pigment a cikin Hoto 8. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa chlorophyll a da chlorophyll b (0.716 **), chlorophyll duka (0.968 **) da kuma jimlar pigments (0.954 ***); chlorophyll b da jimlar chlorophyll (0.868**) da kuma jimlar pigments (0.851**); jimlar chlorophyll yana da mafi girman inganci da mahimmancin alaƙa tare da jimlar pigments (0.984**).
Taswirar zafi na dangantaka tsakanin chlorophyll correlation coefficient variables. # Y gatari: 1- Channel a, 2- Channel. b,3 – a/b rabo, 4 tashoshi. Jima'i, 5-carotenoids, 6-mai amfanin pigments. # X-Axes: A-Ch. aB-Ch. b, C- a/b rabo, D-Ch. Jimlar abun ciki, E-carotenoids, F-yawan amfanin pigments.
Dwarf Schefflera sanannen tsire-tsire ne na gida a duk faɗin duniya, kuma haɓakarsa da haɓakarsa suna karɓar kulawa sosai. Yin amfani da masu kula da haɓakar shuka ya haifar da bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci, tare da duk jiyya suna haɓaka tsayin shuka idan aka kwatanta da sarrafawa. Ko da yake yawanci ana sarrafa tsayin shuka ta hanyar dabi'a, bincike ya nuna cewa aikace-aikacen masu kula da haɓaka shuka na iya haɓaka ko rage tsayin shuka. Tsayin shuka da adadin ganyen da aka yi amfani da su tare da gibberellic acid + benzyladenine 200 mg/L sune mafi girma, sun kai 109 cm da 38.25, bi da bi. Daidai da binciken da ya gabata (SalehiSardoei et al.52) da Spathiphyllum23, irin wannan karuwa a tsayin tsire-tsire saboda jiyya na gibberellic acid an lura da su a cikin tukwane marigolds, albus alba21, daylilies22, daylilies, agarwood da lilies na zaman lafiya.
Gibberellic acid (GA) yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin matakai daban-daban na physiological na tsire-tsire. Suna ƙarfafa rarraba tantanin halitta, haɓakar tantanin halitta, haɓakar kara da haɓaka girma24. GA yana haifar da rarrabuwar tantanin halitta da haɓakawa a cikin harbi apices da meristems25. Canje-canjen ganye kuma sun haɗa da raguwar kauri, ƙaramin ganye, da launin kore mai haske26. Nazarin ta yin amfani da abubuwan hanawa ko abubuwan ƙarfafawa sun nuna cewa ions calcium daga tushen ciki suna aiki azaman manzanni na biyu a cikin hanyar siginar gibberellin a cikin sorghum corolla27. HA yana ƙara tsayin tsire-tsire ta hanyar haɓaka haɗin enzymes waɗanda ke haifar da shakatawa na bangon tantanin halitta, kamar XET ko XTH, expansins da PME28. Wannan yana sa sel suyi girma yayin da bangon tantanin halitta ya huta kuma ruwa ya shiga cell29. Aikace-aikace na GA7, GA3 da GA4 na iya ƙara ƙara elongation30,31. Gibberellic acid yana haifar da kara girma a cikin tsire-tsire na dwarf, kuma a cikin tsire-tsire na rosette yana jinkirta ci gaban ganye da haɓakar internode32. Koyaya, kafin matakin haihuwa, tsayin kara ya ƙaru zuwa sau 4-5 na ainihin tsayinsa33. An taƙaita tsarin GA biosynthesis a cikin tsire-tsire a cikin hoto na 9.
GA biosynthesis a cikin shuke-shuke da matakan endogenous bioactive GA, tsarin wakilcin shuke-shuke (dama) da GA biosynthesis (hagu). Kibiyoyin suna launi masu launi don dacewa da nau'in HA da aka nuna tare da hanyar biosynthetic; jajayen kibau suna nuna raguwar matakan GC saboda ganowa a cikin gabobin shuka, kuma baƙar fata suna nuna ƙarar matakan GC. A yawancin tsire-tsire, irin su shinkafa da kankana, abubuwan GA sun fi girma a gindi ko ƙananan ɓangaren leaf30. Haka kuma, wasu rahotanni sun nuna cewa abun ciki na bioactive GA yana raguwa yayin da ganye ke tsayi daga tushe34. Ba a san ainihin matakan gibberellins a cikin waɗannan lokuta ba.
Masu kula da ci gaban shuka kuma suna tasiri sosai ga lamba da yanki na ganye. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa haɓaka haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar tsire-tsire ya haifar da ƙaruwa mai yawa a yankin ganye da lamba. An ba da rahoton Benzyladenine yana haɓaka samar da ganyen calla15. Dangane da sakamakon wannan binciken, duk jiyya sun inganta yankin ganye da lamba. Gibberellic acid + benzyladenine shine magani mafi inganci kuma ya haifar da mafi girman adadi da yanki na ganye. Lokacin girma dwarf schefflera a cikin gida, ana iya samun karuwa mai yawa a cikin adadin ganye.
Maganin GA3 ya ƙaru tsawon internode idan aka kwatanta da benzyladenine (BA) ko babu maganin hormonal. Wannan sakamakon yana da ma'ana da aka ba da rawar GA wajen haɓaka girma7. Girman kara kuma ya nuna irin wannan sakamako. Gibberellic acid ya kara tsayin kara amma ya rage diamita. Koyaya, haɗe-haɗen aikace-aikacen BA da GA3 ya ƙaru sosai tsayin kara. Wannan karuwa ya kasance mafi girma idan aka kwatanta da tsire-tsire da aka yi da BA ko ba tare da hormone ba. Kodayake gibberellic acid da cytokinins (CK) gabaɗaya suna haɓaka haɓakar shuka, a wasu lokuta suna da sabanin tasiri akan matakai daban-daban35. Alal misali, an lura da mummunan hulɗa a cikin karuwa a cikin tsayin hypocotyl a cikin tsire-tsire da aka yi da GA da BA36. A gefe guda, BA ya haɓaka ƙarar tushe sosai (Table 1). Ƙarar ƙarar tushe saboda ƙarancin BA an ba da rahoto a yawancin tsire-tsire (misali Dendrobium da nau'in Orchid)37,38.
Duk magungunan hormonal sun kara yawan sababbin ganye. Haɓaka yanayi a yankin ganye da tsayin tushe ta hanyar haɗin gwiwar jiyya yana da kyawawa a kasuwanci. Adadin sabbin ganye shine muhimmin alamar ci gaban ciyayi. Ba a yi amfani da amfani da kwayoyin halitta ba a cikin samar da Liriodendron tulipifera na kasuwanci. Koyaya, tasirin haɓaka haɓakar GA da CK, waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a cikin ma'auni, na iya ba da sabbin fahimta don haɓaka noman wannan shuka. Musamman ma, tasirin haɗin gwiwar jiyya na BA + GA3 ya fi na GA ko BA da aka gudanar shi kaɗai. Gibberellic acid yana ƙara yawan sabbin ganye. Yayin da sabbin ganye ke haɓaka, haɓaka adadin sabbin ganye na iya iyakance girman ganye39. An ba da rahoton GA don haɓaka jigilar sucrose daga nutsewa zuwa gabobin tushe40,41. Bugu da kari, exogenous aikace-aikace na GA ga perennial shuke-shuke na iya inganta ci gaban vegetative gabobin kamar ganye da kuma saiwoyin, game da shi hana sauyi daga vegetative ci gaban zuwa haihuwa girma42.
Ana iya bayyana tasirin GA akan haɓaka busasshen busasshen shuka ta hanyar haɓaka photosynthesis saboda haɓakar yankin ganye43. An ba da rahoton GA yana haifar da karuwa a yankin ganyen Masara34. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa ƙara yawan ƙwayar BA zuwa 200 mg / L zai iya ƙara tsawo da adadin rassan sakandare da kuma tushen girma. Gibberellic acid yana tasiri tsarin salon salula kamar rarrabawar salula da haɓakawa, don haka inganta haɓakar ciyayi43. Bugu da ƙari, HA yana faɗaɗa bangon tantanin halitta ta hanyar sanya sitaci zuwa sukari, ta haka ne ya rage ƙarfin ruwa na tantanin halitta, yana sa ruwa ya shiga cikin tantanin halitta kuma yana haifar da elongation cell44.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-11-2024