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Shuke-shuken ganyayyaki masu ado waɗanda suke da kyan gani suna da matuƙar daraja. Hanya ɗaya ta cimma wannan ita ce amfani da sumasu kula da haɓakar shukaa matsayin kayan aikin sarrafa ci gaban shuka. An gudanar da binciken ne akan Schefflera dwarf (wani shukar ganyen ado) wanda aka yi wa magani da feshin ganyengibberellic acidda kuma benzyladenine hormone a cikin wani gidan kore mai sanye da tsarin ban ruwa na hazo. An fesa hormone ɗin a kan ganyen dwarf schefflera a yawan 0, 100 da 200 mg/l a matakai uku a kowane kwana 15. An gudanar da gwajin bisa tsarin factorial a cikin tsari mai tsari gaba ɗaya tare da kwafi huɗu. Haɗin gibberellic acid da benzyladenine a yawan 200 mg/l yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan adadin ganye, yankin ganye da tsayin shuka. Wannan maganin ya kuma haifar da mafi girman abun ciki na pigments na photosynthetic. Bugu da ƙari, an lura da mafi girman rabo na carbohydrates masu narkewa da rage sukari tare da benzyladenine a 100 da 200 mg/L da gibberellic acid + benzyladenine a 200 mg/L. Binciken komawar mataki-mataki ya nuna cewa ƙarar tushen shine farkon canjin da ya shiga samfurin, yana bayyana kashi 44% na bambancin. Maɓallin da ke gaba shine sabon tushen da aka samo, tare da samfurin bivariate wanda ya bayyana kashi 63% na bambancin adadin ganye. Babban tasirin da ya fi kyau akan adadin ganyen shine nauyin tushen sabo (0.43), wanda aka yi daidai da lambar ganye (0.47). Sakamakon ya nuna cewa gibberellic acid da benzyladenine a cikin yawan 200 mg/l sun inganta ci gaban yanayin halitta, chlorophyll da carotenoid na Liriodendron tulipifera, kuma sun rage yawan sukari da carbohydrates masu narkewa.
Schefflera arborescens (Hayata) Merr shuka ce mai ado ta dangin Araliaceae, wacce aka fi sani da ita daga China da Taiwan1. Sau da yawa ana shuka wannan shukar a matsayin shukar gida, amma shuka ɗaya ce kawai za ta iya girma a irin waɗannan yanayi. Ganyen suna da ganye 5 zuwa 16, kowanne tsayin 10-20 cm2. Ana sayar da Dwarf Schefflera mai yawa kowace shekara, amma ba kasafai ake amfani da hanyoyin lambu na zamani ba. Saboda haka, amfani da masu kula da girmar shuka a matsayin ingantattun kayan aikin gudanarwa don inganta girma da samar da kayayyakin lambu mai ɗorewa yana buƙatar ƙarin kulawa. A yau, amfani da masu kula da girmar shuka ya ƙaru sosai3,4,5. Gibberellic acid wani mai kula da girmar shuka ne wanda zai iya ƙara yawan amfanin gona6. Ɗaya daga cikin tasirin da aka sani shine ƙarfafa ci gaban shuka, gami da tsawaita tushe da tushen sa da kuma ƙara girman ganye7. Mafi mahimmancin tasirin gibberellins shine ƙaruwar tsayin tushe saboda tsawaita internodes. Feshin ganyen gibberellins akan tsire-tsire masu tsayi waɗanda ba sa iya samar da gibberellins yana haifar da ƙaruwar tsayin tushe da tsayin shuka8. Feshin ganyen furanni da ganyen gibberellic acid a yawan 500 mg/l na iya ƙara tsayin shuka, adadi, faɗi da tsawon ganye9. An ruwaito cewa Gibberellins yana ƙarfafa girman tsirrai daban-daban na ganye10. An lura da tsayin tushe a cikin pine na Scots (Pinussylvestris) da farin spruce (Piceaglauca) lokacin da aka fesa ganyen da gibberellic acid11.
Wani bincike ya binciki tasirin masu kula da girma na tsirrai guda uku na cytokinin akan samuwar rassan gefe a cikin Lily officinalis. An gudanar da gwaje-gwaje a cikin kaka da bazara don nazarin tasirin yanayi. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa kinetin, benzyladenine da 2-prenyladenine ba su shafi samuwar ƙarin rassan ba. Duk da haka, benzyladenine ppm 500 ya haifar da samuwar rassan rassan 12.2 da 8.2 a cikin gwaje-gwajen kaka da bazara, bi da bi, idan aka kwatanta da rassan 4.9 da 3.9 a cikin tsire-tsire masu sarrafawa. Nazarin ya nuna cewa maganin bazara ya fi tasiri fiye da na hunturu12. A wani gwaji, an yi wa tsire-tsire na Peace Lily var. Tassone magani da benzyladenine ppm 0, 250 da 500 a cikin tukwane masu diamita 10 cm. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa maganin ƙasa ya ƙara yawan ƙarin ganye sosai idan aka kwatanta da tsire-tsire masu sarrafawa da benzyladenine da aka yi wa magani. An lura da sabbin ganye makonni huɗu bayan magani, kuma an lura da matsakaicin samar da ganye makonni takwas bayan magani. Bayan makonni 20 bayan an yi maganin, tsire-tsire da aka yi wa magani da ƙasa sun sami ƙaruwar tsayi ƙasa da na tsire-tsire da aka riga aka yi wa magani13. An ruwaito cewa benzyladenine a yawan 20 mg/L na iya ƙara tsayin shuka da adadin ganye a cikin Croton 14 sosai. A cikin lilies na calla, benzyladenine a yawan 500 ppm ya haifar da ƙaruwar adadin rassan, yayin da adadin rassan ya kasance mafi ƙaranci a cikin rukunin kulawa15. Manufar wannan binciken ita ce bincika feshin ganye na gibberellic acid da benzyladenine don inganta haɓakar Schefflera dwarfa, wani shuka mai ado. Waɗannan masu kula da haɓakar shuka za su iya taimaka wa manoman kasuwanci su tsara yadda za a samar da amfanin gona yadda ya kamata a duk shekara. Babu wani bincike da aka gudanar don inganta haɓakar Liriodendron tulipifera.
An gudanar da wannan binciken ne a cikin gidan kore na binciken tsirrai na Jami'ar Musulunci Azad da ke Jiloft, Iran. An shirya dashen tushen dwarf schefflera iri ɗaya mai tsayin 25 ± 5 cm (an yada shi watanni shida kafin gwajin) kuma an shuka shi a cikin tukwane. Tukunyar filastik ce, baƙi, diamita 20 cm da tsayi 30 cm16.
Tsarin noma a cikin wannan binciken shine cakuda peat, humus, yashi da aka wanke da kuma bawon shinkafa a cikin rabo na 1:1:1:1 (bisa ga girma)16. Sanya wani Layer na duwatsu a ƙasan tukunya don magudanar ruwa. Matsakaicin zafin rana da dare a cikin gidan kore a ƙarshen bazara da bazara shine 32±2°C da 28±2°C, bi da bi. Danshin da ke da alaƙa yana tsakanin >70%. Yi amfani da tsarin hazo don ban ruwa. A matsakaici, ana shayar da tsire-tsire sau 12 a rana. A lokacin kaka da bazara, lokacin kowane ban ruwa shine mintuna 8, tazara tsakanin ban ruwa shine awa 1. Haka kuma ana shuka tsire-tsire sau huɗu, makonni 2, 4, 6 da 8 bayan shuka, tare da maganin micronutrient (Ghoncheh Co., Iran) a cikin yawan ppm 3 kuma ana ba da ruwa da 100 ml na maganin kowane lokaci. Maganin gina jiki ya ƙunshi N 8 ppm, P 4 ppm, K 5 ppm da abubuwan da aka gano Fe, Pb, Zn, Mn, Mo da B.
An shirya sinadarin gibberellic acid guda uku da kuma benzyladenine mai daidaita girman shuka (wanda aka saya daga Sigma) a 0, 100 da 200 mg/L sannan aka fesa a kan tsiron shuka a matakai uku a tazara ta kwanaki 1517. An yi amfani da kashi 20 (0.1%) (wanda aka saya daga Sigma) a cikin maganin don ƙara tsawon rai da kuma yawan shan sa. Da sassafe, a fesa hormones a kan furannin Liriodendron tulipifera ta amfani da feshi. Ana fesa tsire-tsire da ruwa mai narkewa.
Tsawon shuka, diamita na tushe, yankin ganye, yawan chlorophyll, adadin internodes, tsawon rassan sakandare, adadin rassan sakandare, girman tushen, tsawon tushen, nauyin ganye, tushen, tushe da busassun kayan abu, yawan pigments na photosynthetic (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b) An auna jimlar chlorophyll, carotenoids, jimlar pigments), rage sukari da carbohydrates mai narkewa a cikin magunguna daban-daban.
An auna yawan chlorophyll na ƙananan ganye kwanaki 180 bayan fesawa ta amfani da na'urar auna chlorophyll (Spad CL-01) daga ƙarfe 9:30 zuwa 10 na safe (saboda sabowar ganye). Bugu da ƙari, an auna yankin ganye kwanaki 180 bayan fesawa. A auna ganye uku daga sama, tsakiya da ƙasan tushe daga kowane tukunya. Ana amfani da waɗannan ganyen azaman samfuri akan takarda A4 kuma ana yanke tsarin da ya biyo baya. An kuma auna nauyin da saman takardar takarda A4 ɗaya. Sannan ana ƙididdige yankin ganyen da aka yi wa stencil ta amfani da ma'auni. Bugu da ƙari, an ƙayyade girman tushen ta amfani da silinda mai digiri. An auna nauyin busasshen ganye, nauyin busasshen tushe, nauyin busasshen tushe, da jimlar nauyin busasshen kowane samfurin ta hanyar busar da tanda a 72°C na tsawon awanni 48.
An auna abubuwan da ke cikin chlorophyll da carotenoids ta hanyar hanyar Lichtenthaler18. Don yin wannan, an niƙa 0.1 g na sabbin ganye a cikin turmi mai ɗauke da 15 ml na acetone 80%, kuma bayan an tace, an auna yawan haskensu ta amfani da na'urar auna haske a tsawon tsayin 663.2, 646.8 da 470 nm. Daidaita na'urar ta amfani da acetone 80%. Lissafa yawan launukan photosynthetic ta amfani da lissafi mai zuwa:
Daga cikinsu, Chl a, Chl b, Chl T da Car suna wakiltar chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, jimlar chlorophyll da carotenoids, bi da bi. An gabatar da sakamakon a cikin shukar mg/ml.
An auna rage sukari ta amfani da hanyar Somogy19. Don yin wannan, ana niƙa 0.02 g na rassan shuka a cikin turmi mai laushi da 10 ml na ruwan da aka tace sannan a zuba a cikin ƙaramin gilashi. A dumama gilashin har sai ya tafasa sannan a tace abin da ke ciki ta amfani da takardar tacewa ta Whatman No. 1 don samun ruwan da aka cire. A zuba 2 ml na kowane ruwan da aka cire a cikin bututun gwaji sannan a ƙara 2 ml na maganin jan ƙarfe sulfate. A rufe bututun gwaji da ulu na auduga sannan a dafa a cikin ruwan wanka a 100°C na minti 20. A wannan matakin, ana canza Cu2+ zuwa Cu2O ta hanyar rage aldehyde monosaccharide kuma ana iya ganin launin salmon (terracotta) a ƙasan bututun gwaji. Bayan bututun gwajin ya huce, a ƙara 2 ml na phosphomolybdic acid kuma launin shuɗi zai bayyana. A girgiza bututun da ƙarfi har sai launin ya bazu ko'ina cikin bututun. A karanta shan maganin a 600 nm ta amfani da na'urar auna haske.
Lissafa yawan rage sukari ta amfani da madaidaicin lanƙwasa. An ƙayyade yawan carbohydrates mai narkewa ta hanyar hanyar Fales20. Don yin wannan, an haɗa 0.1 g na sprouts da 2.5 ml na ethanol 80% a 90 °C na tsawon minti 60 (matakai biyu na minti 30 kowanne) don fitar da carbohydrates mai narkewa. Sannan a tace ruwan sannan a fitar da barasar. An narkar da abin da ya haifar da shi a cikin 2.5 ml na ruwan da aka tace. A zuba 200 ml na kowane samfurin a cikin bututun gwaji sannan a ƙara 5 ml na alamar anthrone. An sanya cakuda a cikin wanka na ruwa a 90 °C na tsawon minti 17, kuma bayan sanyaya, an tantance yadda yake sha a 625 nm.
Gwajin gwaji ne na factorial bisa tsarin da aka tsara gaba ɗaya tare da kwafi huɗu. Ana amfani da tsarin PROC UNIVARIATE don bincika daidaiton rarraba bayanai kafin nazarin bambance-bambance. Binciken ƙididdiga ya fara da nazarin ƙididdiga don fahimtar ingancin bayanan da aka tattara. An tsara ƙididdiga don sauƙaƙewa da matse manyan saitin bayanai don sauƙaƙa fassarar su. Daga baya, an gudanar da bincike mai rikitarwa. An gudanar da gwajin Duncan ta amfani da software na SPSS (sigar 24; IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, Amurka) don ƙididdige matsakaicin murabba'i da kurakuran gwaji don tantance bambance-bambance tsakanin saitin bayanai. An yi amfani da gwajin Duncan da yawa (DMRT) don gano bambance-bambance tsakanin hanyoyin a matakin mahimmanci na (0.05 ≤ p). An ƙididdige ma'aunin haɗin Pearson (r) ta amfani da software na SPSS (sigar 26; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, Amurka) don kimanta alaƙar da ke tsakanin nau'ikan sigogi daban-daban. Bugu da ƙari, an gudanar da nazarin komawar layi ta amfani da software na SPSS (v.26) don annabta ƙimar masu canji na shekara ta farko bisa ga ƙimar masu canji na shekara ta biyu. A gefe guda kuma, an yi nazarin komawa mataki-mataki tare da p < 0.01 don gano halayen da ke tasiri sosai ga ganyen dwarf schefflera. An gudanar da nazarin hanya don tantance tasirin kai tsaye da kai tsaye na kowane siffa a cikin samfurin (bisa ga halayen da suka fi bayyana bambancin). Duk lissafin da ke sama (daidaitaccen rarraba bayanai, ma'aunin haɗin kai mai sauƙi, komawa mataki-mataki da nazarin hanya) an yi su ne ta amfani da software na SPSS V.26.
Samfuran shuke-shuken da aka noma sun yi daidai da ƙa'idojin hukumomi, na ƙasa da na ƙasashen duniya da kuma dokokin cikin gida na Iran.
Tebur 1 yana nuna ƙididdigar kwatantawa na matsakaici, daidaitaccen karkacewa, mafi ƙaranci, matsakaicin, kewayon, da kuma ma'aunin bambancin siffofi (CV) ga halaye daban-daban. Daga cikin waɗannan ƙididdiga, CV yana ba da damar kwatanta halaye saboda ba shi da girma. Rage sukari (40.39%), nauyin busasshen tushen (37.32%), nauyin sabo na tushen (37.30%), rabon sukari zuwa sukari (30.20%) da girman tushen (30%) sune mafi girma. da abun ciki na chlorophyll (9.88%). ) da yankin ganye suna da mafi girman ma'auni (11.77%) kuma suna da mafi ƙarancin ƙimar CV. Tebur 1 yana nuna cewa jimlar nauyin danshi yana da mafi girman kewayon. Duk da haka, wannan siffa ba shi da mafi girman CV. Saboda haka, ya kamata a yi amfani da ma'auni marasa girma kamar CV don kwatanta canje-canjen sifa. Babban CV yana nuna babban bambanci tsakanin jiyya don wannan sifa. Sakamakon wannan gwajin ya nuna manyan bambance-bambance tsakanin maganin ƙarancin sukari a cikin nauyin busasshen tushen, nauyin sabo na tushen, rabon carbohydrate-zuwa-sukari, da halayen girman tushen.
Sakamakon ANOVA ya nuna cewa idan aka kwatanta da maganin, feshin ganye da gibberellic acid da benzyladenine yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan tsayin shuka, adadin ganye, yankin ganye, girman tushen sa, tsawon tushen sa, ma'aunin chlorophyll, nauyin sabo da kuma nauyin busasshe.
Kwatanta matsakaicin ƙima ya nuna cewa masu kula da girman shuka suna da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan tsayin shuka da adadin ganye. Mafi kyawun maganin sune gibberellic acid a yawan 200 mg/l da gibberellic acid + benzyladenine a yawan 200 mg/l. Idan aka kwatanta da sarrafawa, tsayin shuka da adadin ganye sun ƙaru da sau 32.92 da sau 62.76, bi da bi (Tebur 2).
Yankin ganyen ya ƙaru sosai a duk nau'ikan da aka yi amfani da su idan aka kwatanta da na'urar sarrafawa, inda aka lura da mafi girman ƙaruwa a 200 mg/l na gibberellic acid, wanda ya kai 89.19 cm2. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa yankin ganyen ya ƙaru sosai tare da ƙaruwar yawan masu daidaita girma (Tebur 2).
Duk magungunan sun ƙara yawan tushen da tsawonsa sosai idan aka kwatanta da na'urar sarrafawa. Haɗin gibberellic acid + benzyladenine ya yi tasiri mafi girma, yana ƙara girman da tsawon tushen da rabi idan aka kwatanta da na'urar sarrafawa (Tebur 2).
An lura da mafi girman ƙimar diamita na tushe da tsawon internode a cikin jiyya na sarrafawa da gibberellic acid + benzyladenine 200 mg/l, bi da bi.
Ma'aunin chlorophyll ya ƙaru a duk nau'ikan da aka kwatanta da na'urar sarrafawa. An lura da mafi girman ƙimar wannan siffa lokacin da aka yi wa gibberellic acid + benzyladenine 200 mg/l magani, wanda ya fi na'urar sarrafawa da kashi 30.21% (Tebur 2).
Sakamakon ya nuna cewa maganin ya haifar da bambance-bambance masu yawa a cikin abun da ke cikin launi, raguwar sukari da kuma carbohydrates mai narkewa.
Maganin gibberellic acid + benzyladenine ya haifar da mafi girman abun ciki na pigments na photosynthetic. Wannan alamar ta fi girma sosai a duk nau'ikan da aka yi amfani da su fiye da waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a cikin maganin.
Sakamakon ya nuna cewa duk magunguna na iya ƙara yawan sinadarin chlorophyll na Schefflera dwarf. Duk da haka, an lura da mafi girman ƙimar wannan siffa a cikin maganin gibberellic acid + benzyladenine, wanda ya fi kashi 36.95% girma fiye da sarrafawa (Tebur 3).
Sakamakon chlorophyll b yayi kama da sakamakon chlorophyll a gaba ɗaya, bambancin kawai shine ƙaruwar abun ciki na chlorophyll b, wanda ya fi girma da kashi 67.15% fiye da na sarrafawa (Tebur 3).
Maganin ya haifar da ƙaruwa sosai a cikin jimlar chlorophyll idan aka kwatanta da maganin da aka sarrafa. Maganin da aka yi da gibberellic acid 200 mg/l + benzyladenine 100 mg/l ya haifar da mafi girman ƙimar wannan sinadari, wanda ya fi kashi 50% girma fiye da maganin da aka sarrafa (Tebur 3). Dangane da sakamakon, sarrafawa da magani da benzyladenine a kashi 100 mg/l ya haifar da mafi girman ƙimar wannan sinadari. Liriodendron tulipifera yana da mafi girman ƙimar carotenoids (Tebur 3).
Sakamakon ya nuna cewa idan aka yi wa magani da gibberellic acid a yawan 200 mg/L, yawan chlorophyll ya karu sosai zuwa chlorophyll b (Hoto na 1).
Tasirin gibberellic acid da benzyladenine akan a/b Ch. Rabon dwarf schefflera. (GA3: gibberellic acid da BA: benzyladenine). Haruffan iri ɗaya a cikin kowane adadi suna nuna cewa bambancin ba shi da mahimmanci (P < 0.01).
Tasirin kowace magani akan sabon nauyin itacen dwarf schefflera ya fi na maganin ƙarfi. Gibberellic acid + benzyladenine a 200 mg/L shine maganin da ya fi tasiri, wanda ya ƙara sabon nauyin da kashi 138.45% idan aka kwatanta da maganin. Idan aka kwatanta da maganin da aka sarrafa, duk maganin banda 100 mg/L benzyladenine ya ƙara yawan busasshen nauyin shuka, kuma 200 mg/L gibberellic acid + benzyladenine ya haifar da mafi girman darajar wannan siffa (Tebur 4).
Yawancin bambance-bambancen sun bambanta sosai da na sarrafawa a wannan fanni, tare da mafi girman ƙimar da ke cikin 100 da 200 mg/l benzyladenine da 200 mg/l gibberellic acid + benzyladenine (Hoto na 2).
Tasirin gibberellic acid da benzyladenine akan rabon carbohydrates masu narkewa da rage sukari a cikin dwarf schefflera. (GA3: gibberellic acid da BA: benzyladenine). Haruffan iri ɗaya a cikin kowane adadi ba su nuna wani bambanci mai mahimmanci ba (P < 0.01).
An gudanar da nazarin komawa baya a mataki-mataki don tantance ainihin halayen da kuma fahimtar alaƙar da ke tsakanin masu canji masu zaman kansu da lambar ganye a cikin Liriodendron tulipifera. Girman tushen shine farkon mai canji da aka shigar cikin samfurin, yana bayanin kashi 44% na bambancin. Mai canji na gaba shine sabon nauyin tushen, kuma waɗannan masu canji guda biyu sun bayyana kashi 63% na bambancin a cikin adadin ganye (Tebur 5).
An yi nazarin hanya don fahimtar yadda za a yi amfani da matakin komawa baya (Tebur 6 da Hoto na 3). Babban tasirin da ya fi kyau ga adadin ganye yana da alaƙa da sabon tushen da aka samo (0.43), wanda aka yi masa alaƙa da lambar ganye (0.47). Wannan yana nuna cewa wannan siffa tana shafar yawan amfanin ƙasa kai tsaye, yayin da tasirinsa ta hanyar wasu halaye ba shi da yawa, kuma ana iya amfani da wannan siffa a matsayin ma'aunin zaɓi a cikin shirye-shiryen kiwo don dwarf schefflera. Tasirin kai tsaye na girman tushen ya kasance mara kyau (−0.67). Tasirin wannan siffa akan adadin ganye kai tsaye ne, tasirin kai tsaye ba shi da yawa. Wannan yana nuna cewa girman girman tushen, ƙarancin adadin ganye.
Siffa ta 4 ta nuna canje-canje a cikin komawar layin juyi na ƙarar tushen da rage sukari. Dangane da ma'aunin komawa, kowace naúrar canji a tsawon tushen da carbohydrates mai narkewa yana nufin cewa ƙarar tushen da rage sukari suna canzawa da raka'a 0.6019 da 0.311.
An nuna ma'aunin alaƙar Pearson na halayen girma a Hoto na 5. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa adadin ganye da tsayin shuka (0.379*) suna da mafi girman alaƙa da mahimmanci.
Taswirar zafi ta alaƙa tsakanin masu canji a cikin ma'aunin haɗin gwiwa na ƙimar girma. # Axis Y: 1-Index Ch., 2-Internode, 3-LAI, 4-N na ganye, 5-Tsawon ƙafafu, 6-Tsawon tsayi. # Tare da axis X: A - index H., B - nisa tsakanin nodes, C - LAY, D - N. na ganyen, E - tsayin ƙafar wando, F - diamita na tushe.
An nuna ma'aunin haɗin Pearson don halayen da suka shafi nauyin danshi a Hoto na 6. Sakamakon ya nuna alaƙar da ke tsakanin nauyin danshi na ganye da nauyin busasshiyar ƙasa a sama (0.834**), jimlar nauyin busasshiyar (0.913**) da nauyin busasshiyar tushe (0.562*). . Jimlar nauyin busasshiyar yana da mafi girman kuma mafi mahimmancin alaƙa mai kyau tare da nauyin busasshiyar harbe (0.790**) da nauyin busasshiyar tushe (0.741**).
Taswirar zafi ta alaƙa tsakanin masu canjin ma'aunin daidaiton nauyi na sabo. # Axis Y: 1 - nauyin ganyen sabo, 2 - nauyin sabbin furanni, 3 - nauyin sabbin saiwoyi, 4 - jimlar nauyin sabbin ganye. # Axis X yana wakiltar: A - nauyin sabbin ganye, B - nauyin sabbin furanni, CW - nauyin sabbin ganye, D - jimlar nauyin sabo.
An nuna ma'aunin haɗin gwiwar Pearson don halayen da suka shafi nauyi busasshe a cikin Hoto na 7. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa nauyin busasshen ganye, nauyin busasshen ganye (0.848**) da jimlar nauyin busasshe (0.947**), nauyin busasshen ganye (0.854**) da jimlar nauyin busasshen (0.781**) suna da mafi girman ƙima. haɗin gwiwa mai kyau da muhimmiyar alaƙa.
Taswirar zafi ta alaƙa tsakanin masu canjin ma'aunin haɗin nauyi na busasshe. # Axis Y yana wakiltar: nauyin busasshe na ganye 1, nauyin busasshe na ganye 2, nauyin busasshe na tushen 3, nauyin busasshe na ganye 4. # Axis X: Nauyin busasshe na ganyen A, nauyin busasshe na B, nauyin busasshen tushen CW, D - nauyin busasshe na jimillar.
An nuna ma'aunin haɗin gwiwar Pearson na halayen pigment a cikin Hoto na 8. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa chlorophyll a da chlorophyll b (0.716**), jimlar chlorophyll (0.968**) da jimlar pigments (0.954**); chlorophyll b da jimlar chlorophyll (0.868**) da jimlar pigments (0.851**); jimlar chlorophyll yana da mafi girman ma'amala mai kyau da mahimmanci tare da jimlar pigments (0.984**).
Taswirar zafi na alaƙa tsakanin masu canjin ma'aunin haɗin chlorophyll. # Axes Y: 1- Tashar a, 2- Tashar. b,3 – rabon a/b, tashoshi 4. Jimilla, 5-carotenoids, pigments 6-generation. # X-Axes: A-Ch. aB-Ch. b,C- a/b rabo, D-Ch. Jimlar abun ciki, E-carotenoids, F-generation of pigments.
Dwarf Schefflera sanannen shuka ne a cikin gida a duk faɗin duniya, kuma girma da ci gabanta a halin yanzu suna samun kulawa sosai. Amfani da masu kula da ci gaban shuka ya haifar da bambance-bambance masu yawa, tare da duk magunguna suna ƙara tsayin shuka idan aka kwatanta da sarrafawa. Duk da cewa yawanci ana sarrafa tsayin shuka ta hanyar halitta, bincike ya nuna cewa amfani da masu kula da ci gaban shuka na iya ƙara ko rage tsayin shuka. Tsawon shuka da adadin ganyen da aka yi wa magani da gibberellic acid + benzyladenine 200 mg/L sune mafi girma, sun kai 109 cm da 38.25, bi da bi. Daidai da binciken da aka yi a baya (SalehiSardoei et al.52) da Spathiphyllum23, an lura da irin wannan ƙaruwa a tsayin shuka saboda maganin gibberellic acid a cikin marigolds da aka yi wa tukunya, albus alba21, daylilies22, daylilies, agarwood da peace lilies.
Gibberellic acid (GA) yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban na ilimin halittar tsirrai. Suna ƙarfafa rarrabuwar ƙwayoyin halitta, tsawaita ƙwayoyin halitta, tsawaita ƙwayoyin halitta da ƙaruwar girma24. GA yana haifar da rarrabuwar ƙwayoyin halitta da tsawaita a cikin shuke-shuken da suka fara girma da meristems25. Canje-canjen ganye kuma sun haɗa da raguwar kauri na tushe, ƙaramin girman ganye, da launin kore mai haske26. Nazarin da aka yi amfani da abubuwan hana ko ƙarfafawa sun nuna cewa ions na calcium daga tushen ciki suna aiki a matsayin manzanni na biyu a cikin hanyar siginar gibberellin a cikin sorghum corolla27. HA yana ƙara tsawon tsire-tsire ta hanyar ƙarfafa haɗakar enzymes waɗanda ke haifar da sassauta bangon ƙwayoyin halitta, kamar XET ko XTH, expansins da PME28. Wannan yana sa ƙwayoyin halitta su girma yayin da bangon ƙwayoyin halitta ke hutawa kuma ruwa ya shiga cikin tantanin halitta29. Amfani da GA7, GA3 da GA4 na iya ƙara tsawon tushe30,31. Gibberellic acid yana haifar da tsawaita tushe a cikin tsire-tsire masu dwarf, kuma a cikin tsire-tsire masu rosette yana hana ci gaban ganye da tsawaita internode32. Duk da haka, kafin matakin haihuwa, tsawon tushe yana ƙaruwa zuwa ninki 4-5 na tsayinsa na asali33. An taƙaita tsarin halittar GA a cikin tsirrai a cikin Hoto na 9.
Tsarin halittar GA a cikin tsirrai da matakan GA mai aiki a cikin jiki, wakilcin tsari na tsirrai (dama) da kuma tsarin halittar GA (hagu). An yi wa kiban launi don su yi daidai da siffar HA da aka nuna a kan hanyar halittar; kibiyoyi ja suna nuna raguwar matakan GC saboda wurin da suke a cikin gabobin shuka, kuma kibiyoyi baƙi suna nuna ƙaruwar matakan GC. A cikin tsire-tsire da yawa, kamar shinkafa da kankana, yawan GA ya fi girma a tushe ko ƙasan ganyen30. Bugu da ƙari, wasu rahotanni sun nuna cewa yawan GA mai aiki yana raguwa yayin da ganye ke tsayi daga tushe34. Ba a san ainihin matakan gibberellins a cikin waɗannan yanayi ba.
Masu kula da girmar shuke-shuke kuma suna yin tasiri sosai ga adadi da yankin ganye. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa ƙara yawan mai kula da girmar shuke-shuke ya haifar da ƙaruwa mai yawa a yankin ganye da adadi. An ruwaito cewa Benzyladinine yana ƙara yawan samar da ganyen calla15. A cewar sakamakon wannan binciken, duk jiyya sun inganta yankin ganye da adadi. Gibberellic acid + benzyladenine shine magani mafi inganci kuma ya haifar da mafi yawan adadi da yankin ganye. Lokacin da ake shuka dwarf schefflera a cikin gida, ana iya samun ƙaruwa sosai a yawan ganye.
Maganin GA3 ya ƙara tsawon internode idan aka kwatanta da benzyladenine (BA) ko kuma babu maganin hormones. Wannan sakamakon yana da ma'ana idan aka yi la'akari da rawar da GA ke takawa wajen haɓaka girma7. Girman tushe shi ma ya nuna irin wannan sakamako. Gibberellic acid ya ƙara tsawon tushe amma ya rage diamita. Duk da haka, haɗakar amfani da BA da GA3 ya ƙara tsawon tushe sosai. Wannan ƙaruwar ta fi girma idan aka kwatanta da tsire-tsire da aka yi wa magani da BA ko ba tare da hormone ba. Duk da cewa gibberellic acid da cytokinins (CK) gabaɗaya suna haɓaka girman shuka, a wasu lokuta suna da tasirin da ya saba wa juna a kan matakai daban-daban35. Misali, an lura da mummunan hulɗa a cikin ƙaruwar tsawon hypocotyl a cikin tsire-tsire da aka yi wa magani da GA da BA36. A gefe guda kuma, BA ya ƙara yawan tushen sosai (Tebur 1). An ruwaito ƙaruwar girman tushe saboda BA na waje a cikin tsire-tsire da yawa (misali nau'in Dendrobium da Orchid)37,38.
Duk magungunan hormone sun ƙara yawan sabbin ganye. Ƙara yawan ganye a yanayin halitta da tsawon tushe ta hanyar haɗa magunguna abu ne da ake so a kasuwanci. Yawan sabbin ganye muhimmin alama ne na girman ganye. Ba a yi amfani da hormones na waje ba wajen samar da Liriodendron tulipifera na kasuwanci. Duk da haka, tasirin GA da CK masu haɓaka girma, waɗanda aka yi amfani da su daidai, na iya samar da sabbin fahimta game da inganta noman wannan shuka. Abin lura shi ne, tasirin haɗin gwiwa na maganin BA + GA3 ya fi na GA ko BA da aka ba su kaɗai. Gibberellic acid yana ƙara yawan sabbin ganye. Yayin da sabbin ganye ke tsiro, ƙara yawan sabbin ganye na iya iyakance girman ganye39. An ruwaito GA yana inganta jigilar sucrose daga nutsewa zuwa ga gabobin tushe40,41. Bugu da ƙari, amfani da GA na waje zuwa ga tsire-tsire masu dawwama na iya haɓaka girman gaɓoɓin ganyayyaki kamar ganye da saiwoyi, ta haka yana hana sauyawa daga girman ganye zuwa girman haihuwa42.
Ana iya bayyana tasirin GA akan ƙara busasshen abu na shuka ta hanyar ƙaruwar photosynthesis saboda ƙaruwar yankin ganye43. An ruwaito GA yana haifar da ƙaruwar yankin ganye na Masara34. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa ƙara yawan BA zuwa 200 mg/L na iya ƙara tsawon da adadin rassan sakandare da kuma ƙarar tushen. Gibberellic acid yana tasiri ga tsarin ƙwayoyin halitta kamar ƙarfafa rarraba ƙwayoyin halitta da tsawaita su, ta haka ne inganta haɓakar tsirrai43. Bugu da ƙari, HA yana faɗaɗa bangon tantanin halitta ta hanyar sanya sitaci ya zama sukari, ta haka ne yake rage ƙarfin ruwan tantanin halitta, yana sa ruwa ya shiga tantanin halitta kuma a ƙarshe yana haifar da tsawaita tantanin halitta44.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-11-2024