1.Ingantacciyar hanyar yanke bishiyar shayi
Naphthalene acetic acid (sodium) kafin saka amfani da 60-100mg / L ruwa don jiƙa da yanke tushe don 3-4h, domin inganta sakamako, kuma iya amfani da α mononaphthalene acetic acid (sodium) 50mg / L + IBA 50mg / L maida hankali. na cakuda, ko α mononaphthalene acetic acid (sodium) 100mg/L+ bitamin B, 5mg/L na cakuda.
Kula da yin amfani da: damtse sosai lokacin shayarwa, lokaci mai tsawo zai haifar da defoliation;Naphthylacetic acid (sodium) yana da tasiri mai tasiri na hana ci gaban mai tushe da rassan sama da ƙasa, kuma yana da kyau a haxa tare da wasu magungunan tushen.
Kafin saka IBA, jiƙa 20-40mg/L na maganin ruwa akan gindin yankan 3-4 cm tsayi na 3h.Duk da haka, IBA yana samun sauƙi ta hanyar haske, kuma ya kamata a sanya maganin a cikin baki a ajiye shi a wuri mai sanyi da bushe.
Irin itacen shayi mai 50% naphthalene · ethyl indole root powder 500 mg/L, iri tare da sauki rooting 300-400 mg/L root powder ko tsoma 5s, sanya 4-8h, sannan a yanka.Zai iya haɓaka farkon farkon tushen, 14d a baya fiye da sarrafawa.Yawan tushen ya karu, 18 fiye da sarrafawa;Adadin tsira ya kasance 41.8% sama da na sarrafawa.An karu da busassun nauyin tushen matasa da 62.5%.Tsayin shuka ya kasance 15.3 cm mafi girma fiye da sarrafawa.Bayan jiyya, adadin tsira ya kai kusan 100%, kuma adadin samar da gandun daji ya karu da 29.6%.Jimlar fitarwa ya karu da kashi 40 cikin ɗari.
2.Inganta farawa da shayin shayi
Tasirin motsa jiki na gibberellin shine yafi cewa yana iya haɓaka rarraba tantanin halitta da haɓakawa, don haka haɓaka haɓakar toho, haɓakawa da haɓaka haɓakar harbi.Bayan fesa, an motsa buds na barci don yin girma da sauri, adadin buds da ganye ya karu, adadin ganye ya ragu, kuma riƙe da taushi yana da kyau.Bisa gwajin da cibiyar kimiyyar shayi ta kwalejin kimiyyar aikin gona ta kasar Sin ta yi, an nuna cewa, yawan sabbin harbe-harbe ya karu da kashi 10 zuwa 25% idan aka kwatanta da yadda ake sarrafa shi, shayin bazara gaba daya ya karu da kusan kashi 15%, shayin bazara ya karu da kusan kashi 20%. , kuma shayin kaka ya karu da kusan 30%.
Matsakaicin amfani ya kamata ya dace, gabaɗaya 50-100 mg / L ya fi dacewa, kowane 667m⊃2;Fesa 50kg na maganin ruwa a kan dukan shuka.Yanayin bazara yana da ƙasa, ƙaddamarwa na iya zama daidai;Summer, kaka zafin jiki ne mafi girma, da taro ya kamata a dace low, bisa ga gida gwaninta, master toho wani ganye na farko fesa sakamako ne mai kyau, low zazzabi kakar za a iya fesa duk rana, high zafin jiki kakar ya kamata a za'ayi da yamma, to sauƙaƙe shayar itacen shayi, ba da cikakken wasa ga ingancinsa.
Allurar petiole na 10-40mg/L na gibberellic acid na iya karya kwanciyar hankali na kananan bishiyoyin shayi marasa rassa, kuma bishiyoyin shayi suna girma ganye 2-4 a tsakiyar Fabrairu, yayin da bishiyoyin shayi ba sa fara shuka ganye har zuwa farkon Maris.
Yi amfani da bayanin kula: ba za a iya haxa shi da magungunan kashe qwari na alkaline, da takin mai magani, kuma gauraye da 0.5% urea ko 1% ammonium sulfate sakamako ya fi kyau;Matsakaicin aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen, kowane lokacin shayi yakamata a fesa sau ɗaya kawai, sannan bayan fesa don ƙarfafa taki da sarrafa ruwa;Tasirin gibberellin a jikin shayi kusan kwanaki 14 ne.Saboda haka, yana da kyau a ɗauki shayi tare da toho 1 da ganye 3;Ya kamata a yi amfani da Gibberellin tare da shi.
3.Ingantacciyar ci gaban shayin shayi
Bayan fesa tare da 1.8% sodium nitrophenolate, shukar shayi ya nuna nau'ikan tasirin ilimin lissafi.Na farko, an kara nisa tsakanin buds da ganye, kuma an ƙara nauyin toho, wanda shine 9.4% mafi girma fiye da sarrafawa.Na biyu, da germination na adventitious buds aka kara kuzari, da germination yawa ya karu da 13.7%.Na uku shine haɓaka abun ciki na chlorophyll, haɓaka ƙarfin photosynthesis, da launin kore.Dangane da matsakaicin gwajin shekaru biyu, shayin bazara ya karu da kashi 25.8%, shayin bazara ya karu da kashi 34.5%, shayin kaka ya karu da kashi 26.6%, matsakaicin karuwar shekara-shekara na 29.7%.Matsakaicin dilution da aka saba amfani dashi a cikin lambunan shayi shine sau 5000, kowane 667m⊃2;Fesa 12.5mL na ruwa tare da 50kg na ruwa.Rike da shayi na shayi kafin germination a kowace kakar na iya inganta farkon axillary buds.Koyaya, farkon amfani da shayi na bazara yana da ƙimar tattalin arziƙi, idan an fesa shi a farkon toho da ganye, ƙarfin ɗaukar bishiyar shayi yana da ƙarfi, kuma tasirin haɓakar haɓaka yana bayyana a fili.Gabaɗaya ana fesa shayin bazara kamar sau 2, shayin bazara da kaka ana iya haɗa shi tare da maganin kwari da gauraya magungunan kashe qwari, ana fesa shi daidai a kan tabbatacce da bayan ganyen, rigar ba tare da digo ba yana da matsakaici, don cimma sakamako biyu na maganin kwari da haɓaka girma. .
Lura: Lokacin amfani, kada ku wuce maida hankali;Idan ruwan sama ya sauka a cikin sa'o'i 6 bayan fesa, ya kamata a sake fesa;Ya kamata ɗigon fesa ya zama lafiya don haɓaka mannewa, fesa gaba da baya na ruwa a ko'ina, babu ɗigowa mafi kyau;Ya kamata a adana maganin haja a wuri mai sanyi nesa da haske.
4.Hana samuwar irin shayi
Ana noman bishiyoyin shayi don dalilai na ɗaukar harbe-harbe, don haka aikace-aikacen masu kula da haɓaka don sarrafa haɓakar 'ya'yan itace da haɓaka haɓakar buds da ganye hanya ce mai inganci don ƙara yawan amfanin shayi.Hanyar aikin ethephon akan shukar shayi shine haɓaka ayyukan ƙwayoyin lamellar a cikin kututturen furen furen furen da itacen itace don cimma manufar zubarwa.Bisa gwajin da sashen koyar da shayi na jami'ar aikin gona ta Zhejiang ya yi, an nuna cewa, yawan faɗuwar furanni ya kai kusan kashi 80 cikin ɗari bayan fesa kimanin 15d.Sakamakon raguwar amfani da 'ya'yan itace na abinci mai gina jiki a cikin shekara mai zuwa, ana iya haɓaka samar da shayi da kashi 16.15%, kuma yawan ƙwayar fesa ya fi dacewa da 800-1000 mg / L.Tun da sakin kwayoyin ethylene yana haɓaka tare da karuwar zafin jiki, ya kamata a rage yawan hankali lokacin da toho yana da ƙananan, nama yana girma da karfi ko kuma yawan zafin jiki, kuma maida hankali ya kamata ya zama daidai lokacin da yawancin furanni suna da kyau. bude kuma girma yana jinkirin ko yanayin zafi ya ragu.Daga Oktoba zuwa Nuwamba, an gudanar da feshi, kuma sakamakon karuwar yawan amfanin ƙasa shine mafi kyau.
Matsakaicin fesa Ethephon bai kamata ya wuce adadin ba, in ba haka ba zai haifar da datti na ganye mara kyau, kuma adadin leaf ɗin zai karu tare da haɓaka haɓaka.Don rage lalacewa, ethephon gauraye da 30-50mg/L gibberellin spray yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan adana ganye, kuma baya tasiri tasirin toho.Lokacin fesa ya kamata a zaɓi kwanakin girgije ko kuma marigayi dare ya dace, ba buƙatar ruwan sama a cikin awanni 12 na aikace-aikacen ba.
5.Speed up iri samuwar
Yada iri na daya daga cikin muhimman hanyoyin da ake bi wajen kiwon shayi.Aikace-aikacen abubuwan haɓaka shuka irin su α-mononaphthalene acetic acid (sodium), gibberellin, da sauransu, na iya haɓaka haɓakar iri, tushen ci gaba, saurin girma da ƙarfi, farkon gandun daji.
Monaphthylacetic acid (sodium) tsaba na shayi ana jiƙa a cikin 10-20mg/L naphthylacetic acid (sodium) na tsawon awanni 48, sannan a wanke da ruwa bayan shuka, ana iya gano shi kusan 15d a baya, kuma cikakken matakin seedling shine 19-25d a baya.
Ana iya haɓaka adadin ƙwayar shayi ta hanyar jiƙa tsaba a cikin maganin gibberellin 100mg/L na awa 24.
6.Ƙara yawan amfanin shayi
Yawan sabbin ganyen bishiyar shayi tare da 1.8% sodium nitrophenolate ruwa ya dogara da yawan germination da nauyin toho.Sakamakon ya nuna cewa yawan germination na shuke-shuken shayi da aka bi da su tare da 1.8% sodium nitrophenolate ruwa ya karu da fiye da 20% idan aka kwatanta da sarrafawa.Tsawon harbe-harbe, nauyin harbe da nauyin toho daya da ganye uku a fili sun fi na sarrafawa.Sakamakon karuwar yawan amfanin ƙasa na 1.8% fili sodium nitrophenolate ruwa yana da kyau kwarai, kuma yawan haɓakar haɓakar sakamako daban-daban shine mafi kyau tare da sau 6000 na ruwa, yawanci sau 3000-6000 na ruwa.
1.8% sodium nitrophenolate ruwa za a iya amfani dashi azaman na kowa iri-iri na shayi a yankunan shayi.Yi amfani da maida hankali na sau 3000-6000 ruwa ya dace, 667m⊃2;Fesa ƙarar ruwa 50-60kg.A halin yanzu, feshi mai ƙarancin ƙarfi a wuraren shayi ya fi shahara, kuma idan aka haɗe shi da maganin kashe kwari, ana ba da shawarar cewa kashi 1.8% na ruwan sodium nitrophenolate kada ya wuce 5mL kowace buhun baya na ruwa.Idan maida hankali ya yi yawa, zai hana ci gaban shayin shayi kuma yana shafar yawan amfanin shayi.Ya kamata a ƙayyade adadin lokutan fesa a lokacin shayi bisa ga takamaiman girma na bishiyar shayi.Idan har yanzu akwai ƙarin ƙananan ƙananan toho a kan alfarwa bayan ɗauka, ana iya sake fesa shi, don tabbatar da karuwar samarwa a duk kakar.
Brassinolide 0.01% na brassinolide diluted sau 5000 na ruwa na ruwa na iya haɓaka haɓakar buds da ganyen shayi, haɓaka haɓakar germination, ƙara yawan amfanin buds da ganye, kuma yana iya ƙara yawan amfanin ganyen sabo da kashi 17.8% da busasshiyar shayi ta hanyar 15%.
Furen furanni da 'ya'yan itacen shayi na Ethephon suna cin abinci mai gina jiki da makamashi mai yawa, kuma fesa 800 MG/L na ethephon daga ƙarshen Satumba zuwa Nuwamba na iya rage 'ya'yan itace da furanni sosai.
Dukansu B9 da B9 na iya haɓaka haɓakar haifuwa, haɓaka ƙimar saitin 'ya'yan itace da yawan 'ya'yan itacen shayi, waɗanda ke da tsammanin aikace-aikacen inganta wasu nau'ikan bishiyar shayi tare da ƙarancin saitin iri da lambunan shayi don manufar tattara tsaba.Jiyya tare da 1000mg/L, 3000mg/L B9, 250mg/L da 500mg/L B9 na iya ƙara yawan amfanin shayi da 68%-70%.
Gibberellin yana haɓaka rabon tantanin halitta da elongation.An gano cewa bayan da aka yi maganin gibberellin, ɓangarorin da ke kwance na bishiyar shayi sun yi girma da sauri, kan toho ya ƙaru, ganyen ya ragu sosai, kuma riƙon shayin yana da kyau, wanda hakan ya haifar da yanayi na ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa da kuma inganta ingancin ganyen shayi. shayi.Yin amfani da gibberellin a kowace kakar shayi na shayi da lokacin farkon ganye tare da 50-100mg / L don fesa foliar, kula da zafin jiki, ana iya amfani da ƙananan zafin jiki gabaɗaya duk rana, yawan zafin jiki da yamma.
7.Chemical fulawa
Yawan iri da yawa a karshen kaka za su ci abinci mai gina jiki, da hana ci gaban sabbin ganye da buds a cikin bazara mai zuwa, kuma cin abinci mai gina jiki yana shafar yawan amfanin gona da ingancin shayi a shekara mai zuwa, kuma zabar furanni na wucin gadi yana da wahala sosai, don haka sinadaran. hanyoyin sun zama yanayin ci gaba.
Ethylene ta yin amfani da ethephon don kawar da furen sinadarai, babban adadin buds ya fadi, yawan adadin furanni ya ragu, tarin kayan abinci mai gina jiki ya fi yawa, wanda ke taimakawa wajen kara yawan amfanin shayi, da kuma ceton aiki da farashi.
Gabaɗaya iri tare da 500-1000 MG / L ethephon ruwa, kowane 667m⊃2;Yin amfani da 100-125kg don fesa bishiyar gaba ɗaya daidai lokacin lokacin fure, sannan a fesa sau ɗaya a cikin tazara na 7-10d, yana da amfani don haɓaka yawan amfanin shayi.Duk da haka, ya kamata a kula da hankali sosai, kuma yawan adadin ethephon zai haifar da faduwa ganye, wanda ba shi da kyau ga girma da yawan amfanin ƙasa.Ana ba da shawarar a ƙayyade lokaci da adadin amfani bisa ga yanayin gida, nau'in da yanayi, kuma a zaɓi lokacin amfani a cikin lokacin da zafin jiki ya ragu a hankali, raƙumi ya buɗe, kuma an saita ganye.A karshen lokacin kaka, daga watan Oktoba zuwa Nuwamba a Zhejiang, yawan adadin wakilai ba zai iya wuce 1000mg/L ba, yawan matakan toho zai iya zama kadan kadan, kuma yawan wuraren shayi na dutsen sanyi na iya zama dan kadan.
8.Enhance sanyi juriya na shayi shuka
Lalacewar sanyi na daya daga cikin muhimman matsalolin da ke shafar noman shayin da ake nomawa a yankin shayi mai tsayi da kuma yankin shayi na arewacin kasar, wanda yakan haifar da raguwar noman noma har ma da mutuwa.Yin amfani da masu kula da haɓakar tsire-tsire na iya rage haɓakar ganyen ganye, ko haɓaka tsufa na sabbin harbe, inganta matakin lignification, da haɓaka juriya na sanyi ko juriya na bishiyar shayi zuwa wani ɗan lokaci.
Ethephon da aka fesa da 800mg/L a ƙarshen Oktoba na iya hana haɓakar bishiyar shayi a ƙarshen kaka da haɓaka juriya na sanyi.
Yin fesa 250mg / L na maganin a ƙarshen Satumba na iya inganta ci gaban bishiyoyin shayi don tsayawa a gaba, wanda ke da kyau ga ci gaban girma na bazara a cikin hunturu na biyu.
9.A daidaita lokacin shan shayi
The elongation na harbe na shayi shuke-shuke a cikin bazara shayi lokaci yana da karfi synchronous amsa, sakamakon da taro na spring shayi a cikin kololuwar lokaci, da kuma sabawa tsakanin girbi da kuma samar da shi ne sananne.Yin amfani da gibberellin da wasu masu kula da ci gaba na iya haɓaka aikin A-amylase da protease, don haɓaka haɓakawa da canji na furotin da sukari, haɓaka rarrabawar cell da elongation, haɓaka haɓakar bishiyar shayi, da yin sabbin harbe. girma a gaba;Ka'idar cewa wasu masu kula da haɓakar girma na iya hana rarraba tantanin halitta kuma ana amfani da su azaman mai toshewa don jinkirta lokacin kololuwar ambaliya, ta yadda za a daidaita lokacin shan shayi tare da rage cin karo da yin amfani da aikin diban shayi na hannu.
Idan an fesa 100mg/L na gibberellin daidai gwargwado, ana iya haƙa shayin bazara 2-4d a gaba sannan shayin rani 2-4d a gaba.
Alpha-naphthalene acetic acid (sodium) ana fesa shi da 20mg/L na maganin ruwa, wanda za'a iya ɗauka 2-4d a gaba.
A fesa maganin 25mg/L ethephon na iya yin shayin shayin bazara 3d a gaba.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-16-2024