Madadin hanyoyin magance kwari a matsayin hanyar kare masu yin fure da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da suke takawa a cikin yanayin halittu da tsarin abinci

Sabon bincike kan alaƙar da ke tsakanin mutuwar kudan zuma da magungunan kashe kwari ya goyi bayan kiran da ake yi na neman hanyoyin magance kwari. A cewar wani bincike da masu bincike na USC Dornsife suka yi, wanda aka buga a mujallar Nature Sustainability, kashi 43%.
Duk da cewa shaidu sun gauraye game da matsayin kudan zuma mafi shahara, waɗanda Turawan mulkin mallaka suka kawo Amurka a ƙarni na 17, raguwar masu yin fure a cikin gida a bayyane yake. Kimanin kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na nau'in kudan zuma na daji suna "cikin haɗari kuma suna fuskantar haɗarin ɓacewa," a cewar wani bincike na 2017 da Cibiyar Bambance-bambancen Halittu ta yi, wanda ya haɗa asarar muhalli da amfani da magungunan kashe kwari da sauyin yanayi. Sauyi da ƙaura a birane ana ɗaukar su a matsayin manyan barazana.
Domin fahimtar hulɗar da ke tsakanin magungunan kashe kwari da ƙudan zuma na asali, masu binciken USC sun yi nazari kan lura 178,589 na nau'ikan ƙudan zuma na daji 1,081 da aka samo daga bayanan gidajen tarihi, nazarin muhalli da bayanan kimiyyar zamantakewa, da kuma filayen jama'a da nazarin magungunan kashe kwari na matakin gunduma. Dangane da ƙudan zuma na daji, masu binciken sun gano cewa "mummunan tasirin magungunan kashe kwari ya yaɗu" kuma cewa ƙaruwar amfani da neonicotinoids da pyrethroids, magungunan kashe kwari guda biyu da aka saba amfani da su, "babban abin da ke haifar da canje-canje a yawan ɗaruruwan nau'ikan ƙudan zuma na daji."
Binciken ya nuna wasu hanyoyin magance kwari a matsayin hanyar kare masu yin fure da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da suke takawa a cikin yanayin halittu da tsarin abinci. Waɗannan hanyoyin sun haɗa da amfani da maƙiya na halitta don rage yawan kwari da kuma amfani da tarko da shingaye kafin amfani da magungunan kashe kwari.
Wasu bincike sun nuna cewa gasa don ƙudan zuma yana da illa ga ƙudan zuma na asali, amma wani sabon bincike na USC bai sami wata alaƙa mai mahimmanci ba, in ji babbar marubuciyar binciken kuma farfesa a fannin kimiyyar halittu da ilmin lissafi Laura Laura Melissa Guzman ta yarda cewa ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike don tallafawa wannan.
Guzman ya shaida a cikin wata sanarwa da ya fitar a jami'a cewa, "Kodayake lissafinmu yana da sarkakiya, yawancin bayanan sararin samaniya da na lokaci kusan ne." "Muna shirin inganta bincikenmu da kuma cike gibin da ke akwai a duk inda zai yiwu," in ji masu binciken.
Amfani da magungunan kashe kwari a ko'ina yana da illa ga mutane. Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta gano cewa wasu magungunan kashe kwari, musamman organophosphates da carbamates, na iya shafar tsarin jijiyoyi na jiki, yayin da wasu kuma na iya shafar tsarin endocrine. Ana amfani da kimanin fam biliyan 1 na magungunan kashe kwari kowace shekara a Amurka, a cewar wani bincike da Cibiyar Kimiyyar Ruwa ta Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana ta gudanar a shekarar 2017. A watan Afrilu, Consumer Reports ta ce ta gano cewa kashi 20% na kayayyakin Amurka suna dauke da magungunan kashe kwari masu hatsari.